See also: Kim, kìm, kiṃ, kim-, kîm, and ким-

English

edit

Noun

edit

kim (uncountable)

  1. Alternative form of gim (edible seaweed)

Afrikaans

edit

Etymology

edit

From Dutch kim, from Middle Dutch kimme.

Pronunciation

edit

Noun

edit

kim (plural kimme)

  1. horizon
    Synonym: horison

Ainu

edit

Pronunciation

edit

Noun

edit

kim (Kana spelling キム)

  1. mountain

Derived terms

edit

Descendants

edit
  • Western Old Japanese: [script needed] ()

References

edit

Azerbaijani

edit

Etymology

edit

Ultimately from Proto-Turkic *kem (who).[1] Cognate with Turkish kim, Old Turkic 𐰚𐰢 (kem, who), etc.

Pronunciation

edit
  • IPA(key): [cim]
  • Audio (Baku):(file)

Pronoun

edit

kim (definite accusative kimi, plural kimlər)

  1. who

Declension

edit
Declension of kim
singular plural
nominative kimkimlər
definite accusative kimikimləri
dative kiməkimlərə
locative kimdəkimlərdə
ablative kimdənkimlərdən
definite genitive kiminkimlərin
Possessive forms of kim
nominative
singular plural
mənim (my) kimim kimlərim
sənin (your) kimin kimlərin
onun (his/her/its) kimi kimləri
bizim (our) kimimiz kimlərimiz
sizin (your) kiminiz kimləriniz
onların (their) kimi or kimləri kimləri
accusative
singular plural
mənim (my) kimimi kimlərimi
sənin (your) kimini kimlərini
onun (his/her/its) kimini kimlərini
bizim (our) kimimizi kimlərimizi
sizin (your) kiminizi kimlərinizi
onların (their) kimini or kimlərini kimlərini
dative
singular plural
mənim (my) kimimə kimlərimə
sənin (your) kiminə kimlərinə
onun (his/her/its) kiminə kimlərinə
bizim (our) kimimizə kimlərimizə
sizin (your) kiminizə kimlərinizə
onların (their) kiminə or kimlərinə kimlərinə
locative
singular plural
mənim (my) kimimdə kimlərimdə
sənin (your) kimində kimlərində
onun (his/her/its) kimində kimlərində
bizim (our) kimimizdə kimlərimizdə
sizin (your) kiminizdə kimlərinizdə
onların (their) kimində or kimlərində kimlərində
ablative
singular plural
mənim (my) kimimdən kimlərimdən
sənin (your) kimindən kimlərindən
onun (his/her/its) kimindən kimlərindən
bizim (our) kimimizdən kimlərimizdən
sizin (your) kiminizdən kimlərinizdən
onların (their) kimindən or kimlərindən kimlərindən
genitive
singular plural
mənim (my) kimimin kimlərimin
sənin (your) kiminin kimlərinin
onun (his/her/its) kiminin kimlərinin
bizim (our) kimimizin kimlərimizin
sizin (your) kiminizin kimlərinizin
onların (their) kiminin or kimlərinin kimlərinin

Derived terms

edit

See also

edit

References

edit
  1. ^ Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*kem, *Ka-”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill

Crimean Tatar

edit

Etymology

edit

Ultimately from Proto-Turkic *kem (who).

Pronoun

edit

kim

  1. who, whom

Declension

edit
Declension of kim
nominative kim
genitive kimniñ
dative kimge
accusative kimni
locative kimde
ablative kimden

References

edit
  • Mirjejev, V. A., Usejinov, S. M. (2002) Ukrajinsʹko-krymsʹkotatarsʹkyj slovnyk [Ukrainian – Crimean Tatar Dictionary]‎[1], Simferopol: Dolya, →ISBN

Danish

edit

Pronunciation

edit
  • IPA(key): /kiːm/, [kʰiːˀm]

Noun

edit

kim c or n (singular definite kimen or kimet, plural indefinite kim, plural definite kimene)

  1. germ
  2. seeds pl

Dutch

edit

Etymology

edit

From Middle Dutch kimme. This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

Pronunciation

edit

Noun

edit

kim f (plural kimmen, diminutive kimmetje n)

  1. horizon

Synonyms

edit

Anagrams

edit

Eskayan

edit

Pronoun

edit

kim

  1. we; us (1st person plural exclusive absolutive form)

Gagauz

edit

Etymology

edit

Inherited from Old Anatolian Turkish كِمْ (kim, gim), from Proto-Turkic *kem.[1] Compare Turkish kim, Azerbaijani kim.[2]

Pronunciation

edit

Pronoun

edit

kim (accusative kimi, plural kimnär)

  1. (interrogative) who?
    kimi inanêrsın?
    who do you believe?
    • 2015 November 24, Yuliya JEREBŢOVA, “İntelektual oyunu “KİM İSTEER OLMAA HALİZ GAGAUZ””, in Ana Sözü[2]:
      Kasım ayın 17-dä Kiriyet küüyün “Dionis TANASOGLU” adına teoretik liţeyindä, 9-cu klaslar için, seftä geçti pek meraklı bit intelektual oyunu – “KİM İSTEER OLMAA HALİZ GAGAUZ”. Hazırladı onu liţeyin gagauz dilindä hem literaturasında üüredici Anna Kirilovna KOLOMİİTSEVA.
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
    • 2019 April 10, Todur Zanet, “Bu bokluklardan tarafımızı kim paklayacek?”, in Ana Sözü[3]:
      Bu bokluklardan tarafımızı kim paklayacek?
      Who will clean our place from these crap?
  2. (relative) who, that
    kardaşım, kim bırda yaşêêr
    my sibling who lives here

Declension

edit
Declension of kim
singular (tekil) plural (çoğul)
nominative (yalın) kim kimnär
definite accusative (belirtme) kimi kimneri
dative (yönelme) kimä kimnerä
locative (bulunma) kimdä kimnerdä
ablative (çıkma) kimdän kimnerdän
genitive (tamlayan) kimin kimnerin

Derived terms

edit
edit

References

edit
  1. ^ Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “kim”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
  2. ^ András Rajki, A Concise Gagauz Dictionary with etymologies and Turkish, Azerbaijani, Crimean Tatar and Turkmen cognates, 2007

Further reading

edit
  • N. A Baskakov, editor (1972), “ким”, in Gagauzsko-Russko-Moldavskij Slovarʹ [Gagauz-Russian-Moldovan Dictionary], Moskva: Izdatelʹstvo Sovetskaja Enciklopedija, →ISBN, page 269
  • Mavrodi M. F., editor (2019), “kimi”, in Gagauzça-rusça sözlük: klaslar 1-4, Komrat: Gagauziya M.V. Maruneviç adına Bilim-Aaraştırma merkezi, →ISBN
  • Kopuşçu M. İ. , Todorova S. A. , Kiräkova T.İ., editors (2019), “kimi”, in Gagauzça-rusça sözlük: klaslar 5-12, Komrat: Gagauziya M.V. Maruneviç adına Bilim-Aaraştırma merkezi, →ISBN, page 100

Hokkien

edit
For pronunciation and definitions of kim – see (“copper; metal; etc.”).
(This term is the pe̍h-ōe-jī form of ).

Hungarian

edit

Etymology

edit

ki (who) +‎ -m (my, of mine, possessive suffix)

Pronunciation

edit
  • IPA(key): [ˈkim]
  • Hyphenation: kim

Pronoun

edit

kim

  1. first-person singular single-possession possessive of ki
    Kim vagy te nekem? - Én nem Kim vagyok, hanem a bácsikád.Who of mine are you? - I'm not Kim but your uncle.

Declension

edit
Inflection (stem in -e-, front unrounded harmony)
singular plural
nominative kim
accusative kimet
dative kimnek
instrumental kimmel
causal-final kimért
translative kimmé
terminative kimig
essive-formal kimként
essive-modal
inessive kimben
superessive kimen
adessive kimnél
illative kimbe
sublative kimre
allative kimhez
elative kimből
delative kimről
ablative kimtől
non-attributive
possessive – singular
kimé
non-attributive
possessive – plural
kiméi

Karaim

edit

Etymology

edit

From Proto-Turkic *kem (who). Relate to Crimean Tatar kim ,Karachay-Balkar ким (kim) ,Kumyk ким (kim) , Urum ким (kim) ,Tofa ӄум (qum), Tuvan кым (kım), etc.

Pronoun

edit

kim

  1. who

References

edit

kim

Khalaj

edit
Perso-Arabic کیم

Pronunciation

edit

Pronoun

edit

kim (oblique, plural stem)

  1. Alternative form of kêm (who).

References

edit
  • Doerfer, Gerhard (1980) Wörterbuch des Chaladsch (Dialekt von Charrab) [Khalaj dictionary] (in German), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó.
  • Doerfer, Gerhard (1988) Grammatik des Chaladsch [Grammar of Khalaj] (in German), Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, →ISBN, →OCLC

Livonian

edit

Etymology

edit

From Proto-Finnic *kümmen. Akin to Finnish kymmenen.

Numeral

edit

kim

  1. ten

Usage notes

edit

In names of tens kim takes on the form kimdõ – declension type 118 – sieldõ. In vīžkimdõ both compound components are declineable, e.g., in genitive vīdkimdõ.

Declension

edit
Declension of kim (126)
singular (ikšlug) plural (pǟgiņlug)
nominative (nominatīv) kim kimmõd
genitive (genitīv) kim kimmõd
partitive (partitīv) kimmõ kimmidi
dative (datīv) kimmõn kimmõdõn
instrumental (instrumentāl) kimmõks kimmõdõks
illative (illatīv) kimmõ kimmiž
inessive (inesīv) kims
kimsõ
kimmis
elative (elatīv) kimst
kimstõ
kimmist
edit

See also

edit

Lower Sorbian

edit

Pronunciation

edit

Pronoun

edit

kim

  1. instrumental of chto
  2. locative of chto

Middle Vietnamese

edit

Etymology

edit

From Proto-Vietic *kiːm, from Chinese (OC *kjum, *kjums).

Noun

edit

kim

  1. needle

Descendants

edit
  • Vietnamese: kim

References

edit

Muong

edit

Etymology

edit

From Proto-Vietic *kiːm, from Chinese (OC *kjum, *kjums). Cognate with Vietnamese kim.

Pronunciation

edit

Noun

edit

kim

  1. (Mường Bi) needle

References

edit
  • Nguyễn Văn Khang, Bùi Chỉ, Hoàng Văn Hành (2002) Từ điển Mường - Việt (Muong - Vietnamese dictionary)[4], Hanoi: Nhà xuất bản Văn hoá Dân tộc Hà Nội.

Norwegian Nynorsk

edit

Noun

edit

kim m (definite singular kimen, indefinite plural kimar, definite plural kimane)

  1. Alternative form of kime

Polish

edit

Pronunciation

edit

Pronoun

edit

kim

  1. instrumental of kto
  2. locative of kto

Serbo-Croatian

edit

Etymology 1

edit

Borrowed from German Kümmel, from Latin cuminum, from Ancient Greek κύμινον (kúminon).

Pronunciation

edit

Noun

edit

kȉm m (Cyrillic spelling ки̏м)

  1. caraway (Persian cumin)
Declension
edit
Declension of kim
singular plural
nominative kim kimovi
genitive kima kimova
dative kimu kimovima
accusative kim kimove
vocative kime kimovi
locative kimu kimovima
instrumental kimom kimovima

Etymology 2

edit

Pronunciation

edit

Pronoun

edit

kȋm (Cyrillic spelling ки̑м)

  1. (with) whom (instrumental)
Declension
edit

Turkish

edit

Etymology

edit

From Ottoman Turkish كیم (kim, who), from Old Anatolian Turkish كِمْ (kim), from Proto-Turkic *kem (who). Cognate with Old Turkic 𐰚𐰢 (kem, who), Karakhanid كِمْ (kim, who).

Pronunciation

edit

Pronoun

edit

kim

  1. (interrogative) who
    kim onu gördü?who saw him?

Declension

edit
Declension of kim
singular plural
nominative kim kimler
definite accusative kimi kimleri
dative kime kimlere
locative kimde kimlerde
ablative kimden kimlerden
genitive kimin kimlerin

Conjunction

edit

kim

  1. (archaic, relative) who
    Synonym: ki
    o kim görürhe who sees

Derived terms

edit
edit

Further reading

edit
  • kim”, in Turkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu
  • Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “kim”, in Nişanyan Sözlük

Vietnamese

edit

Pronunciation

edit

Etymology 1

edit

Sino-Vietnamese word from (metal; gold).

This reading is irregular, the expected reading would be *câm; cf. cấm < (MC kimH), cầm < (MC gim). ⟨-im⟩ is a very rare rime in Sino-Vietnamese proper, with this and the homophonous kim < (MC kim) being the only examples.

It is possible that the usage of kim as the Sino-Vietnamese reading for (MC kim) and (MC kim) was to avoid homophony with câm (mute), although it is difficult to be sure. The much less common (MC kim) (that basically has no usage in Vietnamese) is considered to have the expected reading câm.

Also possibly compare Korean (geum) and (gim), the former is the expected Sino-Korean reading of (MC kim) while the latter found chiefly as a surname.

Noun

edit

kim

  1. (rare, only in compounds) metal
    ánh kim
    metallic shininess
  2. Metal, one of the Wu Xing
    Thổ sinh kim. Kim sinh thuỷ.
    Hoả khắc kim. Kim khắc mộc.
    Earth bears Metal. Metal enriches Water.
    Fire melts Metal. Metal chops Wood.
Derived terms
edit
See also
edit

Etymology 2

edit

From Proto-Vietic *kiːm. Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese (needle, SV: châm). Cognate to Muong kim.

Attested as kim in the Dictionarium Annamiticum Lusitanum et Latinum (1651).

Noun

edit

(classifier cây) kim

  1. a needle
  2. (of a clock/watch) a hand
Derived terms
edit

See also

edit

Volapük

edit

Pronoun

edit

kim

  1. who (nominative)

Inflection

edit

White Hmong

edit

Pronunciation

edit

Etymology 1

edit

From Middle Chinese (kjw+jH, expensive)

Adjective

edit

kim

  1. expensive
See also
edit

Etymology 2

edit

From Mandarin (guì) ("to kneel").

Verb

edit

kim

  1. to kneel on one knee