Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/koiras

This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Finnic

Etymology

Ultimately from Proto-Uralic *kojera (“male animal”) +‎ *-s.

Noun

*koiras

1. male

   Synonym: *uros

2. fimble (male hemp)

Inflection

Inflection of *koiras

Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility.
		singular	plural
nominative		*koiras	*koirahët
accusative		*koirahën	*koirahët
genitive		*koirahën	*koirastën *koirahidën
partitive		*koirasta	*koirahita
inessive		*koirahëssa *koirahëhna	*koirahissa *koirahihna
elative		*koirahësta	*koirahista
illative		*koirahësën	*koirahisën
adessive		*koirahëlla	*koirahilla
ablative		*koirahëlta	*koirahilta
allative		*koirahëlën *koirahëlëk	*koirahilën *koirahilëk
essive		*koirassa	*koirahina
translative		*koirahëksi	*koirahiksi
instructive		*koirahën	*koirahin
comitative		*koirassëk	*koirahinëk
abessive		*koirahëtta	*koirahitta

Descendants

• Estonian: (dialectal) koeras
• Finnish: koiras
• Ingrian: koiras
• Karelian:
  • North Karelian: koiraš
  • South Karelian: koiraš
• Livvi: koiras
• Veps: koiraz
• Votic: koiraz (Jõgõperä)

Further reading

• Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), “koiras”, in Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The origin of Finnish words]‎^[1] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN