Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/oldak

This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Finnic

Etymology

From Proto-Uralic *wole-.

Verb

*oldak (stem *olë-)

1. to be

Inflection

This verb is the only clearly irregular verb in Proto-Finnic, thus, the third person present forms used the stem *om- instead of regular *ol-. The endings are also irregular, -i and -at are attached directly to the stem. Many modern Finnic languages used the third person singular present descending from shortened form *on (regularly from earlier *om).

Descendants

• Estonian: olema/olla
• Finnish: olla
• Ingrian: olla
• Karelian: olla
• Livonian:
  • Courland Livonian: vȱlda
  • Vidzeme Livonian: olda/old/olla/oll
• Livvi: olla
• Ludian: olda
• Veps: olda
• Võro: olõma/ollaq
• Votic: õllõ