Wiktionary

Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/austraz

 This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

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Etymology

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From Proto-Indo-European *h₂éwsteros (“in the direction of dawn, east”).[1]

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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*austraz (comparative *austrōzô, superlative *austrōstaz)

  1. east, eastern

Inflection

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Declension of *austraz (a-stem)
Strong declension
Case Masculine Feminine Neuter
Singular Plural Singular Plural Singular Plural
Nominative *austraz *austrai *austrō *austrôz *austrą, -atō *austrō
Accusative *austranǭ *austranz *austrǭ *austrōz *austrą, -atō *austrō
Genitive *austras, -is *austraizǫ̂ *austraizōz *austraizǫ̂ *austras, -is *austraizǫ̂
Dative *austrammai *austraimaz *austraizōi *austraimaz *austrammai *austraimaz
Instrumental *austranō *austraimiz *austraizō *austraimiz *austranō *austraimiz
Weak declension
Case Masculine Feminine Neuter
Singular Plural Singular Plural Singular Plural
Nominative *austrô *austraniz *austrǭ *austrōniz *austrô *austrōnō
Accusative *austranų *austranunz *austrōnų *austrōnunz *austrô *austrōnō
Genitive *austriniz *austranǫ̂ *austrōniz *austrōnǫ̂ *austriniz *austranǫ̂
Dative *austrini *austrammaz *austrōni *austrōmaz *austrini *austrammaz
Instrumental *austrinē *austrammiz *austrōnē *austrōmiz *austrinē *austrammiz


Derived terms

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Coordinate terms

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(compass points)

*nurþraz
*westraz   *austraz
*sunþraz

Descendants

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  • Proto-West Germanic: *austr
    • Old English: ēast
      • English: east
    • Old Frisian: āster
    • Old Saxon: ōstar
    • Old High German: ōstar
      • Middle High German: oster

Adverb

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*austraz (comparative *austrōz, superlative *austrōst)[2]

  1. east, eastward

See also

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Descendants

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  • Proto-West Germanic: *austr
    • Old English: ēast
      • Middle English: est
      • → Old French: est
        • French: est (see there for further descendants)
    • Old High German: ōstar
  • Old Norse: austr

References

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  1. ^ Gąsiorowski, Piotr (2012) “The Germanic reflexes of PIE *-sr- in the context of Verner's Law”, in The Sound of Indo-European: Phonetics, Phonemics, and Morphophonemics‎[1], Copenhagen: Museum Tusculanum Press, →DOI, →ISSN
  2. ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*austera-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 43
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