Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/rugiz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *Hrugʰís.

Noun

*rugiz m

1. rye

Inflection

i-stemDeclension of *rugiz (i-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*rugiz	*rugīz
vocative	*rugi	*rugīz
accusative	*rugį	*ruginz
genitive	*rugīz	*rugjǫ̂
dative	*rugī	*rugimaz
instrumental	*rugī	*rugimiz

Related terms

• *ruggô
  • Proto-West Germanic: *roggō

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *rugi
  • Old English: ryġe, ryġi — early
    • Middle English: rye, rie, reye, reyghe, reyhe, ruye
      • English: rye
      • Scots: ry
      • Yola: ree
    • →? Old Welsh: ryc
      • Welsh: rhyg
• Old Norse: rugr
  • Icelandic: rúgur
  • Faroese: rugur
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: rug
  • Old Swedish: rogher
    • Swedish: råg; rôg (dialectal)
  • Old Danish: rugh
    • Danish: rug
      • Norwegian Bokmål: rug
  • Elfdalian: rug
  • Scanian: ruğ
  • Gutnish: ryg
• → Proto-Finnic: *rugis (see there for further descendants)