Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/sukkōną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Pre-Germanic *suḱnéh₂-, a zero-grade iterative to Proto-Indo-European *sewḱ- (“to suck”). The verb(s) *sūkaną/*sūganą ("to suck") very likely represent a back-formation from the iterative, as the expected outcome from inheritance would be *seuhaną.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈsuk.kɔː.nɑ̃/

Verb

*sukkōną

(West Germanic) to suck

Inflection

The original paradigm consisted of two stem variants, *sukk- against *sug-.

Conjugation of *sukkōną (weak class 2)

present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
	active voice			passive voice
1st singular	*sukkō	*sukkǭ	—	*sukkōi	?
2nd singular	*sukkōsi	*sukkōs	*sukkō	*sukkōsai	*sukkōsau
3rd singular	*sukkōþi	*sukkō	*sukkōþau	*sukkōþai	*sukkōþau
1st dual	*sukkōs	*sukkōw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*sukkōþiz	*sukkōþiz	*sukkōþiz	—	—
1st plural	*sukkōmaz	*sukkōm	—	*sukkōnþai	*sukkōnþau
2nd plural	*sukkōþ	*sukkōþ	*sukkōþ	*sukkōnþai	*sukkōnþau
3rd plural	*sukkōnþi	*sukkōn	*sukkōnþau	*sukkōnþai	*sukkōnþau

past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*sukkōdǭ	*sukkōdēdį̄
2nd singular	*sukkōdēz	*sukkōdēdīz
3rd singular	*sukkōdē	*sukkōdēdī
1st dual	*sukkōdēdū	*sukkōdēdīw
2nd dual	*sukkōdēdudiz	*sukkōdēdīdiz
1st plural	*sukkōdēdum	*sukkōdēdīm
2nd plural	*sukkōdēdud	*sukkōdēdīd
3rd plural	*sukkōdēdun	*sukkōdēdīn

	present	past
participles	*sukkōndz	*sukkōdaz

Descendants

Old English: socian
- English: soak
German: sucken (dialectal)

References

Kroonen, Guus (2013) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN