Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/swippōną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From pre-Germanic *swip-néh₂-ti, zero-grade iterative of *swībaną.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈswip.pɔː.nɑ̃/

Verb

*swippōną

1. to sway, move swiftly, swerve

Inflection

The original paradigm consisted of two stem variants, singular *swipp- against non-singular *swib-.

Conjugation of *swippōną (weak class 2)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*swippō	*swippǭ	—	*swippōi	?
2nd singular	*swippōsi	*swippōs	*swippō	*swippōsai	*swippōsau
3rd singular	*swippōþi	*swippō	*swippōþau	*swippōþai	*swippōþau
1st dual	*swippōs	*swippōw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*swippōþiz	*swippōþiz	*swippōþiz	—	—
1st plural	*swippōmaz	*swippōm	—	*swippōnþai	*swippōnþau
2nd plural	*swippōþ	*swippōþ	*swippōþ	*swippōnþai	*swippōnþau
3rd plural	*swippōnþi	*swippōn	*swippōnþau	*swippōnþai	*swippōnþau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*swippōdǭ	*swippōdēdį̄
2nd singular	*swippōdēz	*swippōdēdīz
3rd singular	*swippōdē	*swippōdēdī
1st dual	*swippōdēdū	*swippōdēdīw
2nd dual	*swippōdēdudiz	*swippōdēdīdiz
1st plural	*swippōdēdum	*swippōdēdīm
2nd plural	*swippōdēdud	*swippōdēdīd
3rd plural	*swippōdēdun	*swippōdēdīn
	present	past
participles	*swippōndz	*swippōdaz

Derived terms

• *swaipaną
• *swipatjaną (+ *-atjaną)
  • Old Norse: svipta, svypta (“to move quickly, fling, gather, deprive”)
• *swipraz
  • ⇒ *gaswipraz

Descendants

• Old English: swipian, sweopian, swippan
  • Middle English: swippen, swipen
    • Middle English: swipe, (obsolete) swip
• German: schwippen
• Old Norse: svipa
  • Danish: svippe
  • Icelandic: svipa

References

• Kroonen, Guus (2013) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN