Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/trappōną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From pre-Germanic *drob-néh₂-ti, from Proto-Indo-European *dreb⁽ʰ⁾- (“to tread, to step”). Compare Lithuanian drebė́ti (“to tremble”) and Polish drabina (“ladder”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈtrɑp.pɔː.nɑ̃/

Verb

*trappōną

1. (West Germanic) to trample

Inflection

The original paradigm consisted of two stem variants, *trapp- against *trap-.

Conjugation of *trappōną (weak class 2)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*trappō	*trappǭ	—	*trappōi	?
2nd singular	*trappōsi	*trappōs	*trappō	*trappōsai	*trappōsau
3rd singular	*trappōþi	*trappō	*trappōþau	*trappōþai	*trappōþau
1st dual	*trappōs	*trappōw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*trappōþiz	*trappōþiz	*trappōþiz	—	—
1st plural	*trappōmaz	*trappōm	—	*trappōnþai	*trappōnþau
2nd plural	*trappōþ	*trappōþ	*trappōþ	*trappōnþai	*trappōnþau
3rd plural	*trappōnþi	*trappōn	*trappōnþau	*trappōnþai	*trappōnþau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*trappōdǭ	*trappōdēdį̄
2nd singular	*trappōdēz	*trappōdēdīz
3rd singular	*trappōdē	*trappōdēdī
1st dual	*trappōdēdū	*trappōdēdīw
2nd dual	*trappōdēdudiz	*trappōdēdīdiz
1st plural	*trappōdēdum	*trappōdēdīm
2nd plural	*trappōdēdud	*trappōdēdīd
3rd plural	*trappōdēdun	*trappōdēdīn
	present	past
participles	*trappōndz	*trappōdaz

Related terms

• *trampaną
• *trimpaną
• *trumpōną
• *trappǭ

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *trappōn
  • Old Saxon: *trappōn
    • Middle Low German: trappen
      • → Norwegian Nynorsk: trappa, trappe
  • Old Dutch: *trappon, *trapon
    • Middle Dutch: trappen, *trapen
      • Dutch: trappen
      • ⇒ Middle Dutch: betrapen
        • Dutch: betrapen (dialectal, Flemish)