Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ǵyewh₁-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root

*ǵyewh₁-

1. to chew

Derived terms

• *ǵyewh₁-neh₂
  • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *źjáuˀnāˀ (see there for further descendants)
• Unsorted formations:
  • Proto-West Germanic: *kauā (“jaw”)
    • Middle English: *chawe
      • English: chawe (“jaw”), chaw (“jaw”) (en, obsolete)
      • Middle English: jawe, jowe, geowe (enm, alteration)
        • English: jaw
    • Middle Dutch: kauwe (“fish jaw”), kouwe (“mouth cavity”)
    • German: Käu, Keu (“jaw, donkey jowl”) (de, dialectal)
  • Proto-Slavic: *žuka
  • Italic:
    • Latin: gingīva

Descendants

• Proto-Slavic: *žuti (see there for further descendants)
• Proto-Germanic: *kewwaną (see there for further descendants)
• Proto-Iranian: *ǰyawH-
  • Middle Persian: [script needed] (ywtn’ /⁠jūdan⁠/)
    • Persian: جویدن (“to chew”)
  • Pashto: ژول (žovạl, “to gnaw”)
    • Baluchi: جایگ (jáyag)
  • Parthian:
    • Northern Kurdish: cûtin (“to chew”)
• Tocharian:
  • Tocharian B: śuwaṃ (“to eat”)

Further reading

• Mallory, J. P. with Adams, D. Q. (2006) The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European World (Oxford Linguistics), New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 255
• Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 400