Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/gʷṓws

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Contents

Proto-Indo-European

Noun

*gʷṓws m, f

1. cattle

Inflection

Athematic, acrostatic
	singular
nominative	*gʷṓws
genitive	*gʷéws
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*gʷṓws	*gʷówh₁(e)	*gʷówes
vocative	*gʷów	*gʷówh₁(e)	*gʷówes
accusative	*gʷṓm	*gʷówh₁(e)	*gʷówm̥s
genitive	*gʷéws	*?	*gʷéwoHom
ablative	*gʷéws	*?	*gʷéwmos
dative	*gʷéwey	*?	*gʷéwmos
locative	*gʷéw, *gʷéwi	*?	*gʷéwsu
instrumental	*gʷéwh₁	*?	*gʷéwbʰi

Derived terms

• *gʷowkólos (“cowherd”)
  • Celtic: *boukolyos
    • Brythonic: *bʉgöl
      • Middle Breton: buguel, bugel
        • Breton: bugel
      • Cornish: bugel
      • Middle Welsh: bugeil
        • Welsh: bugail
    • Old Irish: búachaill
      • Irish: buachaill
      • Manx: bochilley
      • Scottish Gaelic: buachaill, buachaille
  • Ancient Greek: βουκόλος (boukólos)

Descendants

• Albanian: *gauka
  • Albanian: gak (“boar”)
• Anatolian: [Term?]
  • Luwian:

    Anatolian Hieroglyphs: 𔑺𔗬𔗔 (^BOSwa/i-s(a) /wawis/)

• Armenian:
  • Old Armenian: կով (kov)
• Armenian: (< *gʷow-io- or *gʷh₃ew-io-)
  • Old Armenian: կոգի (kogi, “butter”)
• Balto-Slavic: *gaw-, *gōw-
  • Latvian: govs
  • Slavic: *govędo < *gʷew-n̥d- (see there for further descendants)
• Celtic: *bāus (see there for further descendants)
• Germanic: *kūz (see there for further descendants)
• Hellenic: *gʷous
  • Ancient Greek: βοῦς (boûs)
• Indo-Iranian: *gā́wš (see there for further descendants)
• Italic: *gʷōs
  • Oscan: buv-
  • Umbrian: bum (acc.sg.)
  • Volscian: bim < *būm (acc.sg.)
  • Latin: bōs (loanword from Sabellic, the expected Latin form being *ūs/*vōs)
• Thracian: bonassos
• Tocharian: *kewä
  • Tocharian A: ko
  • Tocharian B: keu

References