Proto-Indo-European
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*wekʷ- (imperfective )[1] [2]
to speak , to sound out
Derived terms
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*wékʷ-ti ( athematic root present )
Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wákti
Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wákti
Proto-Iranian: *wáxti
⇒ Northern Kurdish: bang ( “ call ” )
⇒ Northern Kurdish: deng ( “ voice ” )
⇒ Northern Kurdish: gotin ( “ to say ” ) , -bêj-
*wókʷ-e-ti ( o-grade root thematic present )
Proto-Germanic: *gawahwaną ( “ to mention ” ) (see there for further descendants )
*wókʷ-ye-ti ( o-grade root ye-present )
Proto-Armenian:
Old Armenian: գոչեմ ( gočʻem , “ to cry out ” )
*wí-wekʷ-ti ~ *wí-wk-n̥ti ( i-reduplicated root present )
*we-wókʷ-e ~ *we-wkʷ-ḗr ( reduplicated stative )
Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wawā́ča (see there for further descendants )
*wé-wk-e-t ( reduplicated thematic aorist ) [3]
*wṓkʷ-s
*wékʷ-os ~ *wékʷ-es-os
Proto-Celtic: *wekʷos (see there for further descendants )
Proto-Hellenic: *wékʷos
Ancient Greek: ἔπος ( épos )
Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wáčas (see there for further descendants )
*wékʷ-ti-s ~ *ukʷ-téy-s
Proto-Indo-Iranian: *uktíš (see there for further descendants )
Proto-Balto-Slavic: *wektís
Proto-Slavic: *veťь ( “ thing ” ) (see there for further descendants )
Proto-Germanic: *wihtiz ( “ being ” ) (see there for further descendants )
*wokʷ-tló-m
Proto-Celtic: *woxtlom (see there for further descendants )
Proto-Indo-Iranian: *waktrám
*wókʷ-to-s
*wokʷ-smn̥
*wokʷ-yeh₂
*ukʷ-tó-s
Proto-Indo-Iranian: *uktás (see there for further descendants )
*h₁weru-wokʷ-, *h₁uru-wkʷ- ( “ far-sounding ” )
Unsorted formations
Proto-Albanian:
Proto-Anatolian:
Hittite: [script needed] ( huek- ) , [script needed] ( huk- , “ to conjure, swear ” )
Proto-Balto-Slavic:
Old Prussian: enwackē ( “ they call ” )
References
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^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008 ) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7)[1] , Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
^ Kroonen, Guus (2013 ) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11 ), Leiden, Boston: Brill , →ISBN
^ Ringe, Donald (2006 ) From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1)[2] , Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN
Friedrich Kluge (1989 ) “erwähnen”, in Elmar Seebold , editor, Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache [Etymological Dictionary of the German Language ] (in German), 22nd edition, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, →ISBN
Pokorny, Julius (1959 ) “u̯ekʷ- ”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary ] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 1135