Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/bʰúHmiš

This Proto-Indo-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-Iranian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *bʰuH- (“to be”).

Noun

*bʰúHmiš f

1. earth, land

Declension

masculine/feminine i-stem
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*bʰúHmiš	*bʰúHmiH	*bʰúHmayas
vocative	*bʰúHmay	*bʰúHmiH	*bʰúHmayas
accusative	*bʰúHmim	*bʰúHmiH	*bʰúHminš
instrumental	*bʰúHmiH	*bʰúHmibʰyā(m)	*bʰúHmibʰiš
ablative	*bʰúHmayš	*bʰúHmibʰyā(m)	*bʰúHmibʰyas
dative	*bʰúHmayay	*bʰúHmibʰyā(m)	*bʰúHmibʰyas
genitive	*bʰúHmayš	*bʰúHmiyās	*bʰúHmiHnaHam
locative	*bʰúHmāy	*bʰúHmiyaw	*bʰúHmišu

Descendants

• Proto-Indo-Aryan: *bʰúHmiṣ
  • Sanskrit: भूमि (bhū́mi)
    • Dardic:
      • Kalasha: (“earth; ground”)

        Arabic script: بھُوم

        Latin script: bhum

      • Khowar: بوم (bum)
    • Assamese: ভূঁই (bhũi)
    • Pali: bhūmi
    • Gujarati: ભોંય (bhõya), ભોં (bhõ)
• Proto-Iranian: *búHmiš
  • Avestan: 𐬠𐬏𐬨𐬌 (būmi)
  • Kurdish:

    Central Kurdish: بوو (bû), بووم (bûm) (in compounds)

  • Old Persian: 𐏏 (BU /⁠būmiš⁠/)
    • Middle Persian: 𐭡𐭥𐭬 (bʿm /⁠būm⁠/)
      • Persian: بوم (bum)
• Proto-Nuristani: *bū́mi
  • Northern Nuristani:
    • Kamkata-viri:

      Kamviri: bǘm

      Kativiri: bím

      • → Prasuni: bím
  • Southern Nuristani:
    • Ashkun: búm
    • Waigali: büm