Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/hwáhā

This Proto-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Iranian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *swásā, from Proto-Indo-European *swésōr.

Noun

*hwáhā f

1. sister

Descendants

• Central Iranian:
  • Avestan: 𐬓𐬀𐬢𐬵𐬀𐬭 (xᵛaŋhar)
• Southeastern Iranian:
  • Pashto: خور (xor)
  • Proto-Sanglechi-Ishkashimi:
    • Ishkashimi: иха (ixa)
    • Sanglechi: юхӧай (yoxōai), ихва (ixva)
  • Proto-Shughni-Yazghulami-Munji:
    • Proto-Munji-Yidgha:
      • Munji: یخوه (yaxva)
      • Yidgha: اخو (ixō), اخکو (ixko), یخوه (yixōh)
    • Proto-Shughni-Yazghulami:
      • Proto-Shughni-Roshani:
        • Sarikoli: yax
        • Shughni: йах (yax)
      • Yazghulami: х̌̊арѓ (x̌̊arǵ)
• Northeastern Iranian:
  • Proto-Sogdic:
    • Sogdian: (/⁠xwār⁠/)

      Manichaean script: 𐫑𐫇𐫀𐫡 (k̇wʾr)

      Sogdian script: 𐼶𐼴𐼰𐽀 (xwʾr), 𐼲𐼴𐼰𐽀𐼳 (ɣwʾrh)

      Syriac script: ݎܘܐܪ (xwʾr), ݎܘܐܪܚ (xwʾrh), ܮܘܐܪ (γwʾrh)

    • Yagnobi: хор (xor)
  • Proto-Scythian:
    • Ossetian:

      Digor Ossetian: хуӕрӕ (xwæræ)

      Iron Ossetian: хо (xo)

    • Proto-Saka-Wakhi:
      • Khotanese: [script needed] (hvar)
      • Wakhi: x̌ыy
• Northwestern Iranian:
  • Baluchi:

    Baluchi: گوہار (gohár), گہار (guhár)

    Koroshi: گاهار (gāhār)

  • Kurdish:

    Central Kurdish: خوِشک (xwişk), خوەیشک (xweyişk)

    Northern Kurdish: xwişk, xweh, xweng

    Southern Kurdish: خوەیشگ (xweyişg), خوەیشک (xweyişk)

    Laki: خوە (xwe), Laki: خوێە (xwêe)

  • Medo-Parthian:
    • Caspian:
      • Old Mazanderani: خواخر (xwāxer, xwāxar)
        • Mazanderani: خاخر (xāxer)
      • Gilaki: خاخور (xāxor)
    • Old Median: *xwahā, *xwāhar
      • Middle Median: *xwār
        • Kermanic: xoer, xver, xôr (Zoroastrian Dari)
        • Proto-Tatic:
          • Talysh:

            Central Talysh: هوه (huva, hova) هو (ho)

            Northern Talysh: xa (xā), xav (xāv)

            Southern Talysh: خالا (xâlâ), خلو (xolo)

          • Old Tati:

            Old Azari: خور (xwar, xwor, xōr)

            • Eshtehardi: xuača
            • Gozarkhani: xā
            • Harzani: höv
            • Khoini: xâwey
            • Ramandi: xāke
      • Semnani: خاک (xāk)
    • Parthian: 𐫇𐫑𐫀𐫡 (wxʾr /⁠wxār⁠/)
    • Proto-Zaza-Gorani:
      • Gurani: واڵیْ (wāłɛ)
      • Zazaki: way
• Southwestern Iranian:
  • Middle Persian:

    Manichaean script: 𐫑𐫇𐫀𐫆 (k̇wʾẖ), 𐫑𐫇𐫀𐫡 (k̇wʾr /⁠xwār⁠/)

    Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (AHTE /⁠xwah⁠/), [Book Pahlavi needed] (AHTEL /⁠xwahar⁠/), [Book Pahlavi needed] (hwʾhl /⁠xwāhar⁠/)

    • Larestani: خونگل (xwong(al))

    • Lurish:

      Northern Luri: خوأر (xwar)

      Bakhtiari: خور (xor)

      Southern Luri: خوئر (xoer)

    • Persian: خواهر (xvâhar), خوهر (xohar)
    • Tajik: хоҳар (xohar)