Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/pawēō
Proto-Italic
editEtymology
editFrom earlier *pawējō, from Proto-Indo-European *paw-éh₁-ye-ti, from *paw- (“to strike, hit”); for this see Latin paviō (“to beat, strike”). The sense development would be "to strike" > "to strike with fear".
Alternatively, *paw- is a homophonous but separate root meaning "to fear", and is perhaps cognate with Proto-Celtic *oβnus (“fear”).[1]
Verb
edit*pawēō first-singular present indicative
- to be afraid
Inflection
editInflection of *pawēō (second conjugation stative) | ||
---|---|---|
Present | *pawēō | |
Perfect | *pawai | |
Aorist | — | |
Past participle | *pawos | |
Present indicative | Active | Passive |
1st sing. | *pawēō | *pawēōr |
2nd sing. | *pawēs | *pawēzo |
3rd sing. | *pawēt | *pawētor |
1st plur. | *pawēmos | *pawēmor |
2nd plur. | *pawētes | *pawēm(e?)n(ai?) |
3rd plur. | *pawēnt | *pawēntor |
Present subjunctive | Active | Passive |
1st sing. | *pawēām | *pawēār |
2nd sing. | *pawēās | *pawēāzo |
3rd sing. | *pawēād | *pawēātor |
1st plur. | *pawēāmos | *pawēāmor |
2nd plur. | *pawēātes | *pawēām(e?)n(ai?) |
3rd plur. | *pawēānd | *pawēāntor |
Perfect indicative | Active | |
1st sing. | *pawai | |
2nd sing. | *pawistai | |
3rd sing. | *pawe(d) | |
1st plur. | *pawomos | |
2nd plur. | *pawistes | |
3rd plur. | *pawēri | |
Aorist indicative | Active | |
1st sing. | — | |
2nd sing. | — | |
3rd sing. | — | |
1st plur. | — | |
2nd plur. | — | |
3rd plur. | — | |
Present imperative | Active | Passive |
2nd sing. | *pawē | *pawēzo |
2nd plur. | *pawēte | — |
Future imperative | Active | |
2nd + 3rd sing. | *pawētōd | |
Participles | Present | Past |
*pawēnts | *pawos | |
Verbal nouns | tu-derivative | s-derivative |
*pawum | *pawēzi |
Descendants
edit- Latin: paveō (see there for further descendants)
References
edit- ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 451