Reconstruction:Proto-Malayo-Polynesian/baʀani

This Proto-Malayo-Polynesian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Malayo-Polynesian

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /baʀani/

Verb

*baʀani

to be brave, be bold
to dare

Descendants

Proto-Philippine: *baʀani
- Central Luzon:
  - Kapampangan: bayáni
    - → Bikol Central: bayanì
    - → Tagalog: bayani
- Greater Central Philippine:
  - Central Philippine:
    - Bisayan:
      - Aklanon: bagáni
      - Cebuano: bagani
      - Hiligaynon: bagani
    - Mansakan:
      - Karaga Mandaya: bagani
  - Danao:
    - Maranao: bagani
  - Gorontalo–Mongondow:
    - Gorontalo: buheli
    - Mongondow: bogani
  - Manobo:
    - Ata Manobo: bagani
    - Obo Manobo: bagani
- Sangiric:
  - Sangir: bahani
Greater Barito
- Sama–Bajaw
  - Southern Sama: bahani
  - Yakan: bahani
  - Mapun: bahani
  - West Coast Bajau: bani
- East Barito
  - ⇒ Malagasy: mavany
- West Barito
  - Ngaju: bahanyi
Northwest Sumatra–Barrier Islands
- Toba Batak: barani
Rejang: binei
Lampungic
- Lampung Api: bani
Malayo-Sumbawan
- Proto-Malayic: *bərani
  - Iban: berani
  - Malay: berani
    - Indonesian: berani
    - → Cebuano: balani
  - Urak Lawoi': บรานี (brani)
- Bali–Sasak–Sumbawa
  - Balinese: ᬩᬦᬶ (bani)
  - Sasak: bani
  - >? Sumbawa: baraning
Old Javanese: wāni
- Javanese: ꦮꦤꦶ (wani)
South Sulawesi
- Bugis-Tamanic
  - Buginese: warani
  - Embaloh: barani
- Makassaric
  - Makasar: barani
- Northern
  - Mandar: barani
  - Tae': barani
Celebic
- Kaili–Pamona
  - Pamona: wani
- Saluan–Banggai
  - Banggai: balani
Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian
- Central Malayo-Polynesian
  - Sumba–Flores
    - Sumba-Hawu
      - Kambera: mbeni
      - Sabu: ɓani
    - Western Flores
      - Manggarai: rani
      - Ngadha: bani, rani
      - Rembong: rani
- Eastern Malayo-Polynesian
  - Proto-Oceanic: *paʀane
    - Western Oceanic
      - Meso-Melanesian
        Northwest Solomonic
        Cheke Holo: frane
        Roviana: varane
    - Central-Eastern Oceanic
      - Micronesian
        Marshallese: peran

References

Blust, Robert & Stephen Trussell, Austronesian Comparative Dictionary – *baRani.