Reconstruction:Proto-Semitic/ʔaḫw-
Proto-Semitic
editNoun
editInflection
editDeclension of *ʔaḫw-
Case | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | *ʔaḫwum | *ʔaḫwāna | *ʔaḫanūna | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Genitive | *ʔaḫwim | *ʔaḫwayna | *ʔaḫanīna | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Accusative | *ʔaḫwam | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
possessive forms | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1st person | *ʔaḫwī / *ʔaḫwVya | — | *ʔaḫwVni | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2nd person m | *ʔaḫwVka | *ʔaḫwVkumā / *ʔaḫwVkumay | *ʔaḫwVkum(ū) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2nd person f | *ʔaḫwVki | *ʔaḫwVkin(ā) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
3rd person m | *ʔaḫwVšu | *ʔaḫwVšumā / *ʔaḫwVšumay | *ʔaḫwVšum(ū) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
3rd person f | *ʔaḫwVša | *ʔaḫwVšin(ā) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Note: the endings -m and -na are dropped in the bound form, which may also undergo syncopation of an unstressed final vowel where possible.
Note: the ending -V before the possessive endings responds to case: *ʔaḫwuya for nom. case, *ʔaḫwiya for gen. case, *ʔaḫwaya for acc. case, etc. Declension of 2sg m. possessive form (your/thy m.) *ʔaḫw-
Declension of 2sg f. possessive form (your/thy f.) *ʔaḫw-
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Coordinate terms
editDerived terms
edit- *ʔaḫwat- (“sister”)
Descendants
edit- East Semitic:
- Akkadian: 𒋀 (aḫum)
- West Semitic:
- Central Semitic:
- Arabic: أَخ (ʔaḵ)
- Northwest Semitic:
- Old South Arabian:
- Ethiopian Semitic:
- Central Semitic:
References
edit- ^ John Huehnergard (2019) “Proto-Semitic”, in The Semitic Languages[1], 2nd edition, Routledge, →ISBN