Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/ňuxati

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Uncertain. Multiple etymologies have been proposed:

• from *sъ(n)- +‎ *ǫxati (or *vъ(n)- +‎ *ǫxati) by rebracketing, with secondary change n > ň
• related to Proto-Germanic *niuhsijaną
• related to Proto-Germanic *hneusaną and German Nüster (considered improbable by Vasmer)

Verb

*ňuxati

1. to sniff, to smell

Related terms

• *ňuxъ
• *ňušiti

Conjugation

Conjugation of *ňuxati, *ňuxa, *ňuxajetь (impf., -a-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)

Suffix: *-ati

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*ňuxanьje	*ňuxati	*ňuxatъ	*ňuxalъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*ňuxanъ	*ňuxajemъ
Active	*ňuxavъ	*ňuxaję

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*ňuxaxъ	*ňuxa	*ňuxa	*ňuxajǫ	*ňuxaješi	*ňuxajetь
Dual	*ňuxaxově	*ňuxasta	*ňuxaste	*ňuxajevě	*ňuxajeta	*ňuxajete
Plural	*ňuxaxomъ	*ňuxaste	*ňuxašę	*ňuxajemъ	*ňuxajete	*ňuxajǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*ňuxaaxъ	*ňuxaaše	*ňuxaaše	—	*ňuxaji	*ňuxaji
Dual	*ňuxaaxově	*ňuxaašeta	*ňuxaašete	*ňuxajivě	*ňuxajita	—
Plural	*ňuxaaxomъ	*ňuxaašete	*ňuxaaxǫ	*ňuxajimъ	*ňuxajite	—

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old Ruthenian: ню́хати (njúxati)
    • Belarusian: ню́хаць (njúxacʹ)
    • Ukrainian: ню́хати (njúxaty)
  • Russian: нюхать (njuxatʹ)
• South Slavic:
  • Slovene: njȗhati (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Czech:
    • Moravian (Mistřice): ňuchat
  • Polish: niuchać
  • Sorbian:
    • Upper Sorbian: nuchać
    • Lower Sorbian: nuchaś

References

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “нюхать”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1999), “*n'uxati? *n'ǫxati?”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 25 (*neroditi – *novotьnъ(jь)), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 157