Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/žigъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Action/result noun from Proto-Slavic *žьgati (“to burn, to brand”) via enlongation of the root vowel, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *dʰegʷʰ- (“to burn”). Akin to Proto-Celtic *degʷis (“flame, blaze”), Lithuanian dė̃gis (“burn scar”).

Noun

*žigъ m

1. brand, burn mark
2. residual heat, incandescence

Declension

Declension of *žigъ (hard o-stem)

	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	*žigъ	*žiga	*židzi
Accusative	*žigъ	*žiga	*žigy
Genitive	*žiga	*žigu	*žigъ
Locative	*židzě	*žigu	*židzěxъ
Dative	*žigu	*žigoma	*žigomъ
Instrumental	*žigъmь, *žigomь*	*žigoma	*žigy
Vocative	*žiže	*žiga	*židzi

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Declension of *žigъ (u-stem)

	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	*žigъ	*žigy	*žigove
Accusative	*žigъ	*žigy	*žigy
Genitive	*žigu	*žigovu	*žigovъ
Locative	*žigu	*žigovu	*žigъxъ
Dative	*žigovi	*žigъma	*žigъmъ
Instrumental	*žigъmь	*žigъma	*žigъmi
Vocative	*žigu	*žigy	*žigove

Related terms

• *žegti (“to burn”)
• *žega (“heat”)
• *žežьkъ (“hot, incandescent”)

Derived terms

• *žižьka (“calorie, unit of heat”)
• *žigъlъ (“pin, dart for branding”)
• *zigovati (“to brand, to leave a burn mark”)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • ⇒ Russian: вы́жиг (výžig)
    • ⇒ Russian: вы́жига (výžiga, “wastrel”)
• South Slavic:
  • Bulgarian: жи́г (žíg)
  • Macedonian: жиг (žig)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic: жи̑г

    Latin: žȋg

  • Slovene: žȋg
• Non-Slavic:
  • Romanian: jeg
  • Albanian: zhig

Further reading

• Georgiev V. I., editor (1971), “жиг”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1, Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, page 542
• Snoj, Marko (2016), “žȋg”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar³ (in Slovene), https://fran.si