Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/brojiti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

South Slavic meaning probably reflects the iterative-causative of *briti (“to cut”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰreyH- (“to notch”). Equivalent to *brojь (“count”) +‎ *-iti.

Per Grynčenko (quoted by Trubačev, ESSJa), secondary meaning in West and East Slavic may have been back-formed or at least influenced by unrelated *obrojiti (“to flock, to get into commotion”) < *ob- +‎ *rojiti (“to flow, to traverse”).

Verb

*brojiti

1. (South Slavic) to mark, to count
2. (West, East Slavic) to brawl, to disturb

   → to fool around, to prank

Alternative forms

• *brojati (ě/i-conjugation)

Conjugation

Conjugation of *brojiti, *broji, *brojitь (impf., -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)

Suffix: *-iti
― iterative (*nositi⇐*nesti)
― causative (*pojiti⇐*piti)
― ...

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*brojenьje	*brojiti	*brojitъ	*brojilъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*brojenъ	*brojimъ
Active	*brojь	*broję

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*brojixъ	*broji	*broji	*brojǫ	*brojiši	*brojitь
Dual	*brojixově	*brojista	*brojiste	*brojivě	*brojita	*brojite
Plural	*brojixomъ	*brojiste	*brojišę	*brojimъ	*brojite	*brojętь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*brojaaxъ	*brojaaše	*brojaaše	—	*broji	*broji
Dual	*brojaaxově	*brojaašeta	*brojaašete	*brojivě	*brojita	—
Plural	*brojaaxomъ	*brojaašete	*brojaaxǫ	*brojimъ	*brojite	—

Notes:
• (*)*brojivъ is a later doublet of the past active participle

Derived terms

• *brojьcь, *brojačь, *brojitеľь (agent nouns)
• *brojьnъ

Related terms

• *briti (“to cut, to shave”)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: броити (broiti)
    • Old Ruthenian: бро́ити (bróiti)
      • Belarusian: бро́іць (bróicʹ) (dialectal)
      • Ukrainian: бро́їти (brójity), бро́їтися (brójitysja) (dialectal)
    • Russian: брои́ть (broítʹ) (dialectal)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Old Cyrillic script: броити (broiti)

    Glagolitic script: ⰱⱃⱁⰺⱅⰺ (broiti)

  • Bulgarian: броя́ (brojá)
  • Macedonian: брои (broi)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: бро̀јити

    Latin script: bròjiti

    • → Slovene: brójiti
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: brojiti
    • Czech: brojit
  • Polish: broić
  • Slovak: brojiť
  • Sorbian:
    • Lower Sorbian: brojś
    • Upper Sorbian: brojić

Further reading

• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1976), “*brojiti (sę)”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 3 (*bratrьcь – *cьrky), Moscow: Nauka, page 38
• Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “броя”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 81
• Martynaŭ, V. U., editor (1978), “бро́іць”, in Этымалагічны слоўнік беларускай мовы [Etymological Dictionary of the Belarusian Language] (in Belarusian), volumes 1 (А – бячэ́йка), Minsk: Navuka i technika
• Melnychuk, O. S., editor (1982), “бро́їти”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), volumes 1 (А – Г), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, page 261