Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/gynǫti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic edit

Etymology edit

Per Derksen, the root vowel stems from lengthening of the zero grade of Proto-Indo-European *gʰubʰ- from the root *gʰewbʰ-, with the addition of the Proto-Slavic suffix *-nǫti; the acute tone of the root is a secondary development, common in verbs ending in *-nǫti. Compare *gubìti (“to destroy”), the corresponding causative. Also cognate with *gъbnǫti (“to bend”). Other scholars reconstruct the PIE root differently from Derksen; see discussion under *gъbnǫti.

Verb edit

*gỳnǫti^[1]^[2]

to perish

Inflection edit

Conjugation of *gynǫti, *gybe, *gynetь (?, -C/n-, _/ox-aorist, accent paradigm a)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*gybenьje	*gynǫti	*gynǫtъ	*gyblъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*gybenъ	*gynomъ
Active	*gybъ	*gyny

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*gyb(ox)ъ	*gybe	*gybe	*gynǫ	*gyneši	*gynetь
Dual	*gyb(ox)ově	*gyb(e/os)ta	*gyb(e/os)te	*gynevě	*gyneta	*gynete
Plural	*gyb(ox)omъ	*gyb(e/os)te	gybǫ, gybošę	*gynemъ	*gynete	*gynǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*gyněaxъ	*gyněaše	*gyněaše	—	*gyni	*gyni
Dual	*gyněaxově	*gyněašeta	*gyněašete	*gyněvě	*gyněta	—
Plural	*gyněaxomъ	*gyněašete	*gyněaxǫ	*gyněmъ	*gyněte	—

Alternative forms edit

*gybnǫti (dialectal difference)

Derived terms edit

Related terms edit

*gubìti (“to destroy”)
*gybati (“to perish? to bend? to break?”)
*gъbnǫti (“to bend”)
*gъbežь (“bend, joint”)

Descendants edit

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: гꙑнꙋти (gynuti), гꙑбнꙋти (gybnuti)
  - Belarusian: гі́нуць (hínucʹ)
  - Russian: ги́бнуть (gíbnutʹ); low colloquial ги́нуть (gínutʹ)
  - Ukrainian: ги́нути (hýnuty)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
  Cyrillic: гꙑбнѫти (gybnǫti)
  
  Glagolitic: [Term?]
- Bulgarian: ги́на (gína)
- Macedonian: гине (gine), гибне (gibne)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: ги̏нути
  
  Latin script: gȉnuti
- Slovene: gíniti (tonal orthography)
West Slavic:
- Old Czech: hynúti
  - Czech: hynout
- Polabian: ďainǫt
- Old Polish: ginąć
  - Polish: ginąć, archaic gibnąć
- Slovak: hynúť
- Slovincian: gjybnõc
- Sorbian:
  - Upper Sorbian: hinyć
  - Lower Sorbian: ginuś

References edit

^ * Derksen, Rick (2008) “*gỳnǫti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 200: “v. (a) ‘perish’”
^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “gybnǫti: gybnǫ gybnetь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎^[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a (SA 211, 259; PR 133; MP 22)”

[1] * Derksen, Rick (2008) “*gỳnǫti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 200: “v. (a) ‘perish’”

[2] Olander, Thomas (2001) “gybnǫti: gybnǫ gybnetь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎^[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a (SA 211, 259; PR 133; MP 22)”

[1]

[2]