Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/koprъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Probably from Proto-Indo-European *kwep- ~ *kʷap- (“to boil, to steam”) + *-rъ, cognate with Ancient Greek κύπειρον (kúpeiron), κύπερος (kúperos, “galingale”). Related to possibly Latin vapor.

The meaning of the Slavic term is likely aromatic one, attested also in Lithuanian kvapas (“aroma, odor”).

Noun

*koprъ m

1. dill

Alternative forms

• *kropъ
• *koprikъ

Declension

Declension of *koprъ (hard o-stem)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*koprъ	*kopra	*kopri
genitive	*kopra	*kopru	*koprъ
dative	*kopru	*koproma	*kopromъ
accusative	*koprъ	*kopra	*kopry
instrumental	*koprъmь, *kopromь*	*koproma	*kopry
locative	*koprě	*kopru	*koprěxъ
vocative	*kopre	*kopra	*kopri

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Derived terms

• *kopriva (“stinging nettle”)
• *koprina (“silk”)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Belarusian: кроп (krop), dialectally копр (kopr)
  • Russian: укро́п (ukróp), dialectally копёр (kopjór)
  • Ukrainian: кріп (krip), окрі́п (okríp), копрі́й (kopríj), dialectally копер (koper)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic: копръ (koprŭ)
    • → Albanian: kopër
    • → Hungarian: kapor
  • Bulgarian: ко́пър (kópǎr)
  • Macedonian: ко́пар (kópar)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: ко̏пар

    Latin script: kȍpar

  • Slovene: koper
• West Slavic:
  • Czech: kopr
  • Kashubian: kòper
  • Old Polish: kopr, koprz
    • Polish: koper
  • Slovak: kôpor
  • Sorbian:
    • Lower Sorbian: kopr, kopš
    • Upper Sorbian: koprik

• Non-Slavic:
  • → Albanian: kopër
  • → Hungarian: kapor

Further reading

• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1984), “*koprъ”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 11 (*konьcь – *kotьna(ja)), Moscow: Nauka, page 26
• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “копёр”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1979), “копър”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 2 (и – крепя̀), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, page 624