Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/pelti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic edit

Etymology edit

Per Derksen, conceivably connected with Ancient Greek πάλλω (pállō, “to sway, to swing”), from Proto-Indo-European *pelh₁-, but perhaps more plausibly connected with *pèlva (“chaff”), from Proto-Indo-European *pelH-u-, from *pelH-, cognate with Sanskrit पलाव (palā́va, “chaff, husks”). Compare *pālìti.
Vasmer also connects this verb with *pèlva (“chaff”), but gives different cognates: Lithuanian spãliai (“linen flax”), Latvian spil̃va (“husk”), Latin spolium (“hide stripped off an animal, prey”), Ancient Greek ἄσπαλον (áspalon, “hide”) (Hesychius), σπόλια (spólia, “clean-plucked wool from sheep's legs”) (Hesychius), Sanskrit फलति (phálati, “to burst”), स्फटति (spháṭati, “to tear”), स्फाटयति (sphāṭáyati, “to split”), Old High German spaltan (“to split”), German spalten (“to split”).

Verb edit

*pèlti impf^[1]^[2]^[3]

to weed

Inflection edit

In East and West Slavic, the present these has a j-suffix.

Conjugation of *pelti, *pel, *peľetь (impf., -C/j-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*peltьje	*pelti	*peltъ	*pellъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*peltъ	*peľemъ
Active	*pelvъ	*peľę

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*pelsъ	*pel	*pel	*peľǫ	*peľeši	*peľetь
Dual	*pelsově	*pelsta	*pelste	*peľevě	*peľeta	*peľete
Plural	*pelsomъ	*pelste	*pelsę	*peľemъ	*peľete	*peľǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*peľaaxъ	*peľaaše	*peľaaše	—	*peľi	*peľi
Dual	*peľaaxově	*peľaašeta	*peľaašete	*peľivě	*peľita	—
Plural	*peľaaxomъ	*peľaašete	*peľaaxǫ	*peľimъ	*peľite	—

(*)*peljenъ is doublet of past passive participle

In South Slavic, including Old Church Slavonic, a v-suffix appears instead.

Conjugation of *pelti, *pel, *pelvetь (impf., -unknown-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*peltьje	*pelti	*peltъ	*pellъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*peltъ	*pelvomъ
Active	*pelvъ	*pelvy

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*pelsъ	*pel	*pel	*pelvǫ	*pelveši	*pelvetь
Dual	*pelsově	*pelsta	*pelste	*pelvevě	*pelveta	*pelvete
Plural	*pelsomъ	*pelste	*pelsę	*pelvemъ	*pelvete	*pelvǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*pelěaxъ	*pelěaše	*pelěaše	—	*pelvi	*pelvi
Dual	*pelěaxově	*pelěašeta	*pelěašete	*pelvěvě	*pelvěta	—
Plural	*pelěaxomъ	*pelěašete	*pelěaxǫ	*pelvěmъ	*pelvěte	—

(*)*pelvenъ is doublet of past passive participle

The accent paradigm is unclear; sources variously posit a, b or c. The infinitive stem follows AP a, but the j-present cannot have an acute on the stem because it has a short vowel, so AP a is only possible in the v-stem variant, which has a liquid diphthong.

Related terms edit

*pèlva (“chaff”)

Descendants edit

East Slavic:
- Belarusian: пало́ць (palócʹ)
- Russian: поло́ть (polótʹ)
- Ukrainian: поло́ти (polóty)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
  Cyrillic: плѣвома (plěvoma, fem. nom. sg. pres. pass. part.)
  
  Glagolitic: [Term?]
- Bulgarian: плевя́ (plevjá)
- Macedonian: плеви (plevi)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: пље̏ти
  
  Latin script: pljȅti
- Slovene: plẹ́ti (tonal orthography)
West Slavic:
- Czech: plít
- Polish: pleć
- Slovak: pleť
- Sorbian:
  - Upper Sorbian: plěć
  - Lower Sorbian: plaś

References edit

^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*pèlti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 394: “v. (a) ‘weed’”
^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “pelti: peljǫ peljetь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎^[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b (SA 248)”
^ Snoj, Marko (2016) “plẹ́ti”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “*pe̋lti, sed. *pȇlvǫ”

[1] Derksen, Rick (2008) “*pèlti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 394: “v. (a) ‘weed’”

[2] Olander, Thomas (2001) “pelti: peljǫ peljetь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎^[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b (SA 248)”

[3] Snoj, Marko (2016) “plẹ́ti”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “*pe̋lti, sed. *pȇlvǫ”

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