Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/sьrbati

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Alternative forms

• *serbati, *sъrbati

Etymology

Derived from Proto-Indo-European *srebʰ- (“to sip, gulp, suck”). Akin to Latvian strēbt, surbt and Lithuanian srė̃bti, sur̃bti.

Verb

*sьrbati

1. (intransitive) to slurp

Inflection

Conjugation of *sьrbati, *sьrba, *sьrbajetь (impf., -a-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)

Suffix: *-ati

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*sьrbanьje	*sьrbati	*sьrbatъ	*sьrbalъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*sьrbanъ	*sьrbajemъ
Active	*sьrbavъ	*sьrbaję

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*sьrbaxъ	*sьrba	*sьrba	*sьrbajǫ	*sьrbaješi	*sьrbajetь
Dual	*sьrbaxově	*sьrbasta	*sьrbaste	*sьrbajevě	*sьrbajeta	*sьrbajete
Plural	*sьrbaxomъ	*sьrbaste	*sьrbašę	*sьrbajemъ	*sьrbajete	*sьrbajǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*sьrbaaxъ	*sьrbaaše	*sьrbaaše	—	*sьrbaji	*sьrbaji
Dual	*sьrbaaxově	*sьrbaašeta	*sьrbaašete	*sьrbajivě	*sьrbajita	—
Plural	*sьrbaaxomъ	*sьrbaašete	*sьrbaaxǫ	*sьrbajimъ	*sьrbajite	—

Conjugation of *sьrbati, *sьrba, *sьrbľetь (impf., -a/j-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)

Suffix: *-ati

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*sьrbanьje	*sьrbati	*sьrbatъ	*sьrbalъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*sьrbanъ	*sьrbľemъ
Active	*sьrbavъ	*sьrbľę

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*sьrbaxъ	*sьrba	*sьrba	*sьrbľǫ	*sьrbľeši	*sьrbľetь
Dual	*sьrbaxově	*sьrbasta	*sьrbaste	*sьrbľevě	*sьrbľeta	*sьrbľete
Plural	*sьrbaxomъ	*sьrbaste	*sьrbašę	*sьrbľemъ	*sьrbľete	*sьrbľǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*sьrbaaxъ	*sьrbaaše	*sьrbaaše	—	*sьrbľi	*sьrbľi
Dual	*sьrbaaxově	*sьrbaašeta	*sьrbaašete	*sьrbľivě	*sьrbľita	—
Plural	*sьrbaaxomъ	*sьrbaašete	*sьrbaaxǫ	*sьrbľimъ	*sьrbľite	—

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: серебати (serebati)
  • Belarusian: сёрбаць (sjórbacʹ), сярба́ць (sjarbácʹ), серба́ць (sjerbácʹ)
  • Russian: серба́ть (serbátʹ), сёрбать (sjórbatʹ), стерба́т (sterbát) (dialectal)
  • Ukrainian: сьо́рба́ти (sʹórbáty), серба́ти (serbáty)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic: сръбати (srŭbati)
  • Bulgarian: съ́рбам (sǎ́rbam)
  • Macedonian: срба (srba)
  • Serbo-Croatian: srȅbati
  • Slovene: sŕbati, srẹ́bati (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: střěbati
    • Czech: střebat
      • Moravian (Mistřice): střebat
  • Kashubian: sôrbac
  • Polish: sarbać, serbać, siorbać (dialectal)
  • Slovak: strebať
  • Sorbian:
    • Upper Sorbian: srěbać
    • Lower Sorbian: sŕebaś

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “серба́ть”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress