Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/skakati

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

An elongated ablaut of *skokъ (“leap”) +‎ *-ati. Cognate with Proto-Germanic *skakkōną (“to shake”).

Verb

*skakàti impf (perfective *skočiti)

1. to hop, to leap

Conjugation

Conjugation of *skakati, *skaka, *skakajetь (impf., -a-, s-aorist, accent paradigm b)

Suffix: *-ati

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*skakanьje	*skakati	*skakatъ	*skakalъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*skakanъ	*skakajemъ
Active	*skakavъ	*skakaję

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*skakaxъ	*skaka	*skaka	*skakajǫ	*skakaješi	*skakajetь
Dual	*skakaxově	*skakasta	*skakaste	*skakajevě	*skakajeta	*skakajete
Plural	*skakaxomъ	*skakaste	*skakašę	*skakajemъ	*skakajete	*skakajǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*skakaaxъ	*skakaaše	*skakaaše	—	*skakaji	*skakaji
Dual	*skakaaxově	*skakaašeta	*skakaašete	*skakajivě	*skakajita	—
Plural	*skakaaxomъ	*skakaašete	*skakaaxǫ	*skakajimъ	*skakajite	—

Related terms

• *skokъ (“leap”)
• *skočiti (“to jump”)
• *kačiti (“to climb”)

Derived terms

• *jьzskakati (“to jump out, to pop up”)
• *podъskakati (“to hop from”)
• *nadъskakati (“to jump over”)
• *otъskakati (“to bounce”)
• *zaskakati (“to spring”)
• *naskakati (“to prance”)
• *skakalьcь (“grasshopper”)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: скакати (skakati)
    • Old Ruthenian: скакати (skakati)
      • Belarusian: скака́ць (skakácʹ)
      • Ukrainian: скака́ти (skakáty)
    • Russian: скака́ть (skakátʹ)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Glagolitic script: ⱄⰽⰰⰽⰰⱅⰹ (skakati)

    Old Cyrillic script: скакати (skakati)

    • Bulgarian: ска́чам (skáčam) (from an earlier ска́кам (skákam))
    • Macedonian: скака (skaka) (dialectal)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: ска́кати

    Latin script: skákati

  • Slovene: skakáti (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: skákati
    • Czech: skákat
  • Old Polish:
    • Polish: skakać
  • Old Slovak: skákať
    • Pannonian Rusyn: скакац (skakac)
    • Slovak: skákať
  • Polabian: skokat
  • Sorbian:
    • Lower Sorbian: skakaś
    • Upper Sorbian: skakać

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “скака́ть”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Racheva, M., Todorov, T. A., editors (2002), “скачам”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 6 (пỳскам – словàр²), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 736