Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/xopiti
Proto-Slavic
editEtymology
editProbably of expressive origin, comparable with Proto-Slavic *xapati (“to bite”), Old Church Slavonic хѫпити (xǫpiti, “to snatch”). Compare further dial. Bulgarian хо́пам (hópam, “to skip, to frisk”), Polish chopnąć (“to clap, to push”) of onomatopoeic or interjectal origin.
Possibly inherited from Proto-Indo-European *kh₂ep- (“to grab, to have”), if presumably PIE *kH- could yield Proto-Slavic *x-. According to Uhlenbeck, may alternatively be a borrowing from Middle Low German happen (“to take a bite”); usually dismissed by other Slavists.
Verb
edit*xopiti pf
- to grasp, to seize
- Synonym: *xvatati
- (reflexive) (+ *sę) to undertake, to handle
- Synonym: *zaęti (sę)
Conjugation
editConjugation of *xopiti, *xopi, *xopitь (perf., -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
---|---|---|---|
*xopľenьje | *xopiti | *xopitъ | *xopilъ |
Participles | ||
---|---|---|
Tense | Past | Present |
Passive | *xopľenъ | — |
Active | *xopľь | — |
Aorist | Present | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
Singular | *xopixъ | *xopi | *xopi | *xopľǫ | *xopiši | *xopitь |
Dual | *xopixově | *xopista | *xopiste | *xopivě | *xopita | *xopite |
Plural | *xopixomъ | *xopiste | *xopišę | *xopimъ | *xopite | *xopętь |
Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
Singular | — | — | — | — | *xopi | *xopi |
Dual | — | — | — | *xopivě | *xopita | — |
Plural | — | — | — | *xopimъ | *xopite | — |
- Notes:
- (*)*xopivъ is a later doublet of the past active participle
- In perfective verbs, present expresses future
Derived terms
editDescendants
edit- East Slavic:
- West Slavic:
Further reading
edit- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “хопить”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1981), “*xopiti (sę)”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 8 (*xa – *jьvьlga), Moscow: Nauka, page 70
- хопити in Горох.ua (Етимологія)