Reconstruction:Proto-Tai/ʰmaːᴬ

This Proto-Tai entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Tai

Etymology 1

Compare Proto-Kra *(C-)maᴬ, Proto-Kam-Sui *hma¹ (> Sui hmal), Proto-Be *maːᴬ¹ (> ma¹ in most modern lects), Proto-Hlai *hmaː (> maː¹, paː¹, paː⁴, pʰaː⁴ across the different lects).

Noun

*ʰmaːᴬ (Pittayaporn, 2009)

1. dog

Descendants

• Tai
  • Northern Tai
    • Saek: หม่า
    • Zhuang: ma
  • Central Tai
    • Tày: ma
  • Southwestern Tai
    • Thai: หมา (mǎa)
    • Northern Thai: ᩉ᩠ᨾᩣ (maa)
    • Lao: ໝາ (mā)
    • Tai Dam: ꪢꪱ
    • Tai Nüa: ᥛᥣᥴ (máa)
    • Lü: ᦖᦱ (ṁaa)
    • Shan: မႃ (mǎa)
    • Aiton: မႃ (mā)
    • Ahom: 𑜉𑜠 (ma)

Etymology 2

Compare Proto-Kra *x-maᴬ, Proto-Kam-Sui *k-hma¹, Proto-Hlai *hmaː.

Verb

*ʰmaːᴬ (Pittayaporn, 2009)

1. to come

Descendants

• Tai
  • Northern Tai
    • Zhuang: ma, maz
  • Central Tai
  • Southwestern Tai
    • Thai: มา (maa)
    • Northern Thai: ᨾᩣ (ma)
    • Lao: ມາ (mā)
    • Tai Nüa: ᥛᥣᥰ (mäa)
    • Lü: ᦙᦱ (maa)
    • Shan: မႃး (máa)
    • Aiton: မႃ (mā)
    • Ahom: 𑜉𑜠 (ma), 𑜉𑜡 (mā), 𑜉𑜡𑜠 (māa)