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dog

See also: DOG, Dog, and dög

Contents

EnglishEdit

 
 dog on Wikipedia
 
A dog (a Labrador retriever)

Alternative formsEdit

PronunciationEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Middle English dogge, from Old English docga (“hound, powerful breed of dog”), a pet-form diminutive of Old English *docce (“muscle”) (found in compound fingerdocce (“finger-muscle”)) with suffix -ga (compare frocga (“frog”), *picga (“pig”)). Cognate with Scots dug (“dog”). The ultimate origin is unknown, but one possibility is Proto-Germanic *dukkǭ (“power, strength, muscle”), though this may just be confusion with dock. In the 16th century, it superseded hound and was adopted by several continental European languages as their word for mastiff.[1]

In 14th-century England, hound (from Old English hund) was the general word for all domestic canines, and dog referred to a subtype of hound, a group including the mastiff. It is believed this dog type was so common that it eventually became the prototype of the category "hound".[2] By the 16th century, dog had become the general word, and hound had begun to refer only to dog types used for hunting.[3]

NounEdit

dog (plural dogs)

  1. A mammal, Canis lupus familiaris, that has been domesticated for thousands of years, of highly variable appearance due to human breeding.
    • 1918, W. B. Maxwell, chapter 16, in The Mirror and the Lamp:
      The preposterous altruism too! […] Resist not evil. It is an insane immolation of self—as bad intrinsically as fakirs stabbing themselves or anchorites warping their spines in caves scarcely large enough for a fair-sized dog.
    • 1963, Margery Allingham, chapter 19, in The China Governess[3]:
      When Timothy and Julia hurried up the staircase to the bedroom floor, where a considerable commotion was taking place, Tim took Barry Leach with him.  […] . The captive made no resistance and came not only quietly but in a series of eager little rushes like a timid dog on a choke chain.
    The dog barked all night long.
  2. A male dog, wolf or fox, as opposed to a bitch (often attributive).
    • 1928, Siegfried Sassoon, Memoirs of a Fox-Hunting Man, Penguin 2013, page 149:
      Firstly, he was there to encourage and assist the hounds (a scratch pack – mostly dog-hounds drafted from fox-hound kennels because they were over-sized) […].
  3. (slang, derogatory) A dull, unattractive girl or woman.
    She’s a real dog.
  4. (slang) A man (derived from definition 2).
    You lucky dog!   He's a silly dog.
  5. (slang, derogatory) A coward.
    Come back and fight, you dogs!
  6. (derogatory) Someone who is morally reprehensible.
    • Bible, 2 Kings viii. 13 (Rev. Ver.)
      What is thy servant, which is but a dog, that he should do this great thing?
    • 1599, Robert Greene, Alphonsus, King of Aragon (1599). Act 3.
      Blasphemous dog, I wonder that the earth / Doth cease from renting vnderneath thy feete, / To swallow vp those cankred corpes of thine.
    You dirty dog.
  7. (slang) A sexually aggressive man (cf. horny).
  8. Any of various mechanical devices for holding, gripping, or fastening something, particularly with a tooth-like projection.
  9. (Can we clean up(+) this sense?) A click or pallet adapted to engage the teeth of a ratchet-wheel, to restrain the back action; a click or pawl. (See also: ratchet, windlass)
  10. A metal support for logs in a fireplace.
    The dogs were too hot to touch.
  11. A hot dog.
    • 1994 July 21, Faye Fiore, “Congress relishes another franking privilege: Meat lobby puts on the dog with exclusive luncheon for lawmakers – experts on pork”, in Los Angeles Times[4]:
      Congressmen gleefully wolfed down every imaginable version of the hot dog – smoked kielbasas, jumbo grillers, Big & Juicy's, kosher dogs and spiced dogs […]
  12. (poker slang) Underdog.
  13. (slang, almost always in the plural) Foot.
    "My dogs are barking!"
    — "My feet hurt!"

SynonymsEdit

Coordinate termsEdit

HyponymsEdit

HypernymsEdit

Derived termsEdit

Terms derived from dog

DescendantsEdit

TranslationsEdit

slang: man — see guy
hinged catch — see pawl
metal support for logs — see andiron
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout#Translations.
Translations to be checked

VerbEdit

dog (third-person singular simple present dogs, present participle dogging, simple past and past participle dogged)

  1. (transitive) To pursue with the intent to catch.
  2. (transitive) To follow in an annoying or harassing way.
    The woman cursed him so that trouble would dog his every step.
    • 1749, Henry Fielding, The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling
      […] they were discovered in a very improper manner by the husband of the gypsy, who, from jealousy it seems, had kept a watchful eye over his wife, and had dogged her to the place, where he found her in the arms of her gallant.
    • 2012 January 1, Michael Riordan, “Tackling Infinity”, in American Scientist[5], volume 100, number 1, page 86:
      Some of the most beautiful and thus appealing physical theories, including quantum electrodynamics and quantum gravity, have been dogged for decades by infinities that erupt when theorists try to prod their calculations into new domains. Getting rid of these nagging infinities has probably occupied far more effort than was spent in originating the theories.
    • 2012 May 9, Jonathan Wilson, “Europa League: Radamel Falcao's Atlético Madrid rout Athletic Bilbao”, in the Guardian[6]:
      But this is not an Athletic that ever looks comfortable at the back – a criticism that has often dogged Marcelo Bielsa's sides.
  3. (transitive, nautical) To fasten a hatch securely.
    It is very important to dog down these hatches...
  4. (intransitive, emerging usage in Britain) To watch, or participate, in sexual activity in a public place.
    I admit that I like to dog at my local country park.
  5. (intransitive, transitive) To intentionally restrict one's productivity as employee; to work at the slowest rate that goes unpunished.
    A surprise inspection of the night shift found that some workers were dogging it.

SynonymsEdit

TranslationsEdit

See alsoEdit

ReferencesEdit

ReferencesEdit

  1. ^ “dog” in Douglas Harper, Online Etymology Dictionary, 2001–2017.
  2. ^ [1]
  3. ^ [2]

AnagramsEdit

AfrikaansEdit

PronunciationEdit

VerbEdit

dog

  1. Alternative form of dag (preterite of dink)

DanishEdit

AdverbEdit

dog

  1. however
    Det er dog ikke sikkert, at de taler sandt.
    It is, however, not certain that they are telling the truth.
  2. Used emphatically.

ConjunctionEdit

dog

  1. though

KriolEdit

EtymologyEdit

From English dog.

NounEdit

dog

  1. dog

MbabaramEdit

EtymologyEdit

From *dwog(a), from *udwoga, from *gudwaga, from Proto-Pama-Nyungan *gudaga. Related to Dyirbal guda, Yidiny gudaga. (Note that, despite the similarities, this word is not related to English dog.)[1]

NounEdit

dog

  1. dog

ReferencesEdit

  1. ^ Language Hat, excerpting Dixon's Memoirs of a Field Worker

NavajoEdit

EtymologyEdit

Onomatopoeia.

InterjectionEdit

dog

  1. thump, dub (sound of a heartbeat; thumping sound of a person walking on the roof of a house as heard by someone in the house)

SynonymsEdit

PortugueseEdit

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

dog m (plural dogs)

  1. Clipping of hot dog.

SwedishEdit

VerbEdit

dog

  1. past tense of dö.

Torres Strait CreoleEdit

EtymologyEdit

From English dog.

NounEdit

dog

  1. dog

VolapükEdit

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

dog (plural dogs)

  1. (male or female) dog

DeclensionEdit

declension of dog
singular plural
nominative dog dogs
genitive doga dogas
dative doge doges
accusative dogi dogis
predicative dogu dogus
vocative o dog! Lua error: not enough memory Lua error: not enough memory!

Derived termsEdit

Lua error: not enough memory

Related termsEdit

  • Lua error: not enough memory
  • Lua error: not enough memory
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