Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/ẹrkek
Proto-Turkic
editEtymology
editIt has originally been considered to be a derivation from the near-synonymous *ēr (“man”), however most sources have since disputed this, noting the vowel mismatch (*ẹ- as opposed to *ē-) and impossible morphology (the denominal suffix *-kek ~ *-gek is used to form body parts)[1].
Erdal instead suggests a derivation from *ẹrk (“young ram”) with the diminutive suffix *-ak, compare *oglak (“kid”), the diminutive of *ogul (“child”), for a reverse semantic shift.
Could be related to *erkeč (“he-goat”) if it was originally pronounced *ẹrkeč.[1]
Adjective
edit*ẹrkek or *hẹrkek
- (Common Turkic) male
- Synonym: *ēr
Declension
editDeclension of *ẹrkek
Singular 3) | |
---|---|
Nominative | *ẹrkek |
Accusative | *ẹrkekig, *ẹrkekni1) |
Genitive | *ẹrkekniŋ |
Dative | *ẹrkekke |
Locative | *ẹrkekde |
Ablative | *ẹrkekden |
Allative | *ẹrkekgerü |
Instrumental 2) | *ẹrkekin |
Equative 2) | *ẹrkekče |
Similative 2) | *ẹrkekleyü |
Comitative 2) | *ẹrkekligü |
1) Originally only in pronominal declension.
2) The original instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
3) Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.
2) The original instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
3) Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.
Descendants
edit- Arghu:
- Khalaj: hirkək
- Oghuz:
- Karluk:
- Kipchak:
- Siberian:
References
edit- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Erdal, Marcel (1991) Old Turkic Word Formation[1], volume I, Otto Harrassowitz, →ISBN, pages 74, 84
- Clauson, Gerard (1972) “érkek”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, pages 223-224
- Erdal, Marcel (1991) Old Turkic Word Formation[2], volume I, Otto Harrassowitz, →ISBN, page 41
- Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “erkek”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
- Räsänen, Martti (1969) Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen (in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen seura, page 46
- Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8)[3], Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill