Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/-ni

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic edit

Alternative forms edit

Etymology edit

Perhaps earlier *-nig if so, cognate with the form *-ig.

Suffix edit

*-ni

Suffix creating the accusative case.
‎*biŕ (“we”) + ‎*-ni → ‎*biŕni (“us (accusative)”)

(Old Turkic) Synonym: *-ig

Usage notes edit

(Old Turkic) Old Turkic instead uses an -ig variant that is entirely replaced by -ni by Middle Turkic.
‎*at (“horse”) + ‎*-ni → ‎*atïg (“the horse (accusative)”)
(Common Turkic) The third person possessive suffix is taken without the letter -i.
‎*anïŋ ebi (“his/her/its house”) + ‎*-ni → ‎*anïŋ ebin (“his/her/its house (accusative)”)
(Old Turkic) The first and second person singular possessive suffix instead takes the form -in.
‎*beniŋ ebim (“my house”) + ‎*-ni → ‎*beniŋ ebimin (“my house (accusative)”)

‎*seniŋ ebiŋ (“your house”) + ‎*-ni → ‎*seniŋ ebiŋin (“your house (accusative)”)

Related terms edit

*-ka (“dative case”)
*-niŋ (“genitive case”)
*-de (“locative case”)
*-den (“ablative case”)
*-gerü (“allative case”)
*-če (“equative case”)

Descendants edit

Oghur:
- Bulgar: نَ- (-ne, -na)
  - Chuvash: -не (-ne)
Common Turkic:

Oghuz:
- Old Anatolian Turkish:
  - Azerbaijani: -i, -ni
  - Ottoman Turkish:
    - Turkish: -i, -yi
Karluk:
- Uzbek: -ni
Kipchak:
- South Kipchak:
  - Kazakh: -ді (-dı), -ні (-nı), -ті (-tı)
- Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
  - Kyrgyz: -ни (-ni), -ны (-nı), -ну (-nu), -нү (-nü), -ди (-di), -ды (-dı), -ду (-du), -дү (-dü), -ти (-ti), -ты (-tı), -ту (-tu), -тү (-tü)
Siberian:
- Old Turkic: 𐰤𐰃- (-ni), 𐰤- (-n), 𐰏- (-ig)

References edit

Gabain, Annemarie Von (2013) Berrin Akçalı, transl., Eski Türkçede Zamirler‎^[1], volume 61, number 1, Belleten, pages 131–142
Tekin, Talât (2000) Orhon Türkçesi Grameri [a Grammer of Orkhon Turkic (Turkish version)]‎^[2] (in Turkish), Ankara, →ISBN, pages 107-110