Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/-g

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

preceding vowel
A / Ï	E / I	O / U	Ö / Ü
*-ïg	*-ig	*-ug	*-üg

Etymology

Akin to Proto-Mongolic *-g. (Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?)

Suffix

*-g

1. Suffix creating noun from a verb.

Related terms

• *kam-ug (“all, together”)
• *agrï-g (“pain, ache”)
• *iāčï-g (“bitter, acid”)
• *yïlï-g (“warm”)
• *köpür-üg (“bridge”)
• *tạrï-g (“millet”)
• *biti-g (“inscription, scripture”)
• *kičü-g (“small, little”)
• *ïsï-g (“hot, warm”)
• *siarï-g (“yellow, white”)
• *ul-ug (“big, great”)
• *ur-ug (“seed”)
• *sǖči-g (“sweet”) (perhaps)

Derived terms

Proto-Turkic terms suffixed with *-g

Descendants

• Oghur:
  • Volga Bulgar: -و
    • Chuvash: -ӑ (-ă), -ӗ (-ĕ)
• Common Turkic:

• Oghuz:
  • Old Anatolian Turkish:
    • Azerbaijani: -i, -ı, -ü, -u, -∅
    • Ottoman Turkish:
      • Turkish: -i, -ı, -ü, -u, -∅
  • Salar: -i, -ı, -ü, -u, -∅
  • Turkmen: -i, -ı, -∅
• Karluk:
  • Chagatai: [script needed] (-k)
    • Uyghur: -k
    • Uzbek: -k, -ik
• Kipchak:
  • East Kipchak
    • Southern Altai: -у (-u), -ӱ (-ü)

References

• Erdal, Marcel (2004) “-(X)g”, in A Grammar of Old Turkic (Handbook of Oriental Studies. Section 8 Uralic & Central Asian Studies; 3), Brill Academic Publishers, →ISBN, page 153