Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/kȫl

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Noun

*kȫl

1. lake

Declension

Declension of *kȫl

	Singular 3)
Nominative	*kȫl
Accusative	*kȫlüg, *kȫlni1)
Genitive	*kȫlnüŋ
Dative	*kȫlke
Locative	*kȫlte
Ablative	*kȫlten
Allative	*kȫlgerü
Instrumental 2)	*kȫlün
Equative 2)	*kȫlče
Similative 2)	*kȫlleyü
Comitative 2)	*kȫllügü

¹⁾ Originally only in pronominal declension.
²⁾ The original instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
³⁾ Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.

Descendants

• Oghur:
  • Chuvash: кӳлӗ (külĕ)
• Common Turkic:

• → Tajik: кӯл (kül)
• Oghuz:
  • Old Anatolian Turkish:
    • Azerbaijani: göl
    • Ottoman Turkish: كول (göl)
      • Turkish: göl
      • Gagauz: göl
      • Balkan Gagauz Turkish: göl
  • Salar: göl
  • Turkmen: köl
  • → Khalaj: gö̂l
• Karluk:
  • Chagatai:
    • Uyghur: كۆل (köl)
    • Uzbek: koʻl, кўл (koʻl)
• Kipchak:
  • West Kipchak:
    • Karachay-Balkar: гёл (göl)
    • Karaim: köl
    • Kumyk: гёл (göl)
  • North Kipchak:
    • Bashkir: күл (kül)
    • Tatar: күл (kül)
  • Kypchak-Nogai:
    • Kazakh: көл (köl)
    • Nogai: коьл (köl)
    • Karakalpak: kól, көл
  • Kyrgyz–Kipchak:
    • Kyrgyz: көл (köl)
    • Southern Altai: кӧл (köl)
• Siberian:
  • Old Turkic: 𐰚‬𐰇‬𐰠 (k‬ü‬l²‬ /⁠köl⁠/)
  • North Siberian:
    • Dolgan: күөл
    • Yakut: күөл (küöl)
  • South Siberian:
    • Yenisei:
      • Khakas: кӧл