Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/süŋgü

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Etymology

From *süŋ- (“to war”) +‎ *-gü.

Noun

*süŋgü

1. lance, spear

Declension

Declension of *süŋgü

	Singular 3)
Nominative	*süŋgü
Accusative	*süŋgüg, *süŋgüni1)
Genitive	*süŋgünüŋ
Dative	*süŋgüke
Locative	*süŋgüde
Ablative	*süŋgüden
Allative	*süŋgügerü
Instrumental 2)	*süŋgün
Equative 2)	*süŋgüče
Similative 2)	*süŋgüleyü
Comitative 2)	*süŋgülügü

¹⁾ Originally only in pronominal declension.
²⁾ The original instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
³⁾ Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.

Descendants

• Oghur:
  • Chuvash: сăнă (sănă)
• Common Turkic:

• Oghuz:
  • Old Anatolian Turkish:
    • Azerbaijani: süngü
    • Ottoman Turkish: سونگو, سنگو (süngü), سونگی (süngü)
      • Turkish: süngü
      • Gagauz: süngü
      • → Arabic: سُونْكِيّ (sunkiyy), سُنْكِيّ (sunkiyy)
      • → Armenian: սո̈ւնկո̈ւ (sünkü), սունկու (sunku)
      • → Swahili: singe
• Karluk:
  • Karakhanid: [script needed] (sünü)
• Kipchak:
  • North Sİberian:
    • Bashkir: һөңгө (höñgö)
    • Tatar: сөңге (söñge)
  • West Kipchak:
    • Crimean Tatar: süngü
  • South Kipchak:
    • Kazakh: сүңгі (süñgı)
  • East Kipchak:
    • ⇒ Southern Altai: суҥ (suŋ, “to bird”)
• Siberian:
  • Old Turkic: [script needed] (süŋüg)
    • Old Uyghur: [script needed] (süŋü)
  • North Siberian:
    • Yakut: үҥүү (üñüü)