Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/yulduŕ

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Alternative reconstructions

• *yultuŕ

Etymology

Analyzable as *yul- +‎ *-duŕ, only if the latter part is a regular suffix.

Some constellation and planet names carry on identical suffixes; see Karakhanid اَرَنْ تُوزْ (ʾaran tūz /⁠eren tǖz⁠/, “Libra”), in Kutadgu Bilig [script needed] (erentiz, “Gemini”), Turkish Erendiz (“Jupiter, Libra”) and dialectal Sekendiz (“Saturn”), where the *-duŕ suffix is presumably preserved. However, Clauson regards the *-tüz ending to mean "alike", rather than a regular suffix for planet names.

Nişanyan suggests a relation with Old Uyghur 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐽰 (yula, “torch, bomb”), giving yalım (cf. Turkish yalın) and Turkish yaldız as 'related terms', which would point to a derivation from Proto-Turkic *yal-.

See also Old Turkic [script needed] (yula köl, “name of a lake”), with the first part meaning bright, unclear relation with etymologies listed above.

Noun

*yulduŕ

1. star

   Synonym: *čakïn (Preserved only in Kuu-Kizhi and Tofalar)

Declension

Declension of *yulduŕ

	singular 3)
nominative	*yulduŕ
accusative	*yulduŕug, *yulduŕnï1)
genitive	*yulduŕnuŋ
dative	*yulduŕka
locative	*yulduŕta
ablative	*yulduŕtan
allative	*yulduŕgaru
instrumental 2)	*yulduŕun
equative 2)	*yulduŕča
similative 2)	*yulduŕlayu
comitative 2)	*yulduŕlugu

¹⁾ Originally used only in pronominal declension.
²⁾ The original instrumental, equative, similative, and comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
³⁾ Plurality in Proto-Turkic is disputed. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page on Wikibooks.

Related terms

• *yuldrï- (“to shine”)
• *yuldura- (“to shine”)

Descendants

• Oghur:
  • Chuvash: ҫӑлтӑр (śălt̬ăr)
• Common Turkic:

• Arghu:
  • Khalaj: yulduz
• Karluk:
  • Karakhanid: يُلْدُزْ (yulduz)
    • Chagatai: یولدوز (yulduz)
      • Uyghur: يۇلتۇز (yultuz)
      • Uzbek: yulduz
• Oghuz:
  • Old Anatolian Turkish: یلدوز (yılduz), یلدز (yılduz), یولدوز (yulduz), یولدز (yulduz), ایلدز (ılduz), ایلدز (ılduz)
    • Azerbaijani: ulduz
    • Gagauz: yıldız
    • Ottoman Turkish: یلدز (yıldız), یلدیز (yıldız)
      • Turkish: yıldız
      • → Armenian: եըլտըզ (eəltəz)
  • Salar: يولتوز (yultuz), yulduz
  • Turkmen: ýyldyz
• Kipchak:
  • North Kipchak:
    • Tatar: йолдыз (yoldız)
    • Bashkir: йондоҙ (yondoź)
  • Kipchak-Cuman:
    • Crimean Tatar: юлдуз/yulduz
    • Karachay-Balkar: жулдуз (julduz)
    • Karaim: יִילְדִיז (yīldīz)
    • Kumyk: юлдуз (yulduz)
  • Kipchak-Nogai:
    • Karakalpak: жулдыз/juldız
    • Kazakh: жұлдыз (jūldyz)
    • Nogai: юлдыз (yuldız)
  • Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
    • Kyrgyz: жылдыз (jıldız)
    • Southern Altai: јылдыс (ǰïldïs)
• Siberian:
  • Old Turkic: 𐰖𐰆𐰡𐰔 (yultuz)
  • Old Uyghur: 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐾀𐽳𐽴 (yultuz)
    • Western Yugur: juldus, jəltəs (yïltïz)
  • North Siberian:
    • Dolgan: һулус (hulus)
    • Yakut: сулус (sulus)
  • South Siberian:
    • Sayan:
      • Tofa: сылтыс (sıltıs)
      • Tuvan: сылдыс (sıldıs)
    • Yenisei:
      • Khakas: чылтыс (çıltıs)
      • Shor: чылтыс (çıltıs)

References

• Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*jul-duŕ (*-dɨŕ)”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
• Clauson, Gerard (1972) “yultuz”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 922