Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/furhtijan

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *furhtijaną. Equivalent to *forht (“fearful”) +‎ *-jan and *forhtu (“fear”) +‎ *-jan.

Verb

*furhtijan

1. to frighten, make afraid
2. to fear, be afraid

Inflection

Class 1 weak
Infinitive	*furhtijan
1st sg. past	*furhtidā
Infinitive	*furhtijan
Genitive infin.	*furhtijannjas
Dative infin.	*furhtijannjē
Instrum. infin.	*furhtijannju
Indicative	Present	Past
1st singular	*furhtiju	*furhtidā
2nd singular	*furhtisi	*furhtidēs, *furhtidōs
3rd singular	*furhtiþi	*furhtidē, *furhtidā
1st plural	*furhtijum	*furhtidum
2nd plural	*furhtiþ	*furhtidud
3rd plural	*furhtijanþ	*furhtidun
Subjunctive	Present	Past
1st singular	*furhtijē	*furhtidī
2nd singular	*furhtijēs	*furhtidī
3rd singular	*furhtijē	*furhtidī
1st plural	*furhtijēm	*furhtidīm
2nd plural	*furhtijēþ	*furhtidīd
3rd plural	*furhtijēn	*furhtidīn
Imperative	Present
Singular	*furhti
Plural	*furhtiþ
	Present	Past
Participle	*furhtijandī	*furhtid

Descendants

• Old English: fyrhtan
  • Middle English: fyrten
• Old Saxon: forhtian
• Old Dutch: *forhten, *furhten
  • Middle Dutch: vruchten
    • Dutch: vruchten
• Old High German: furhten, forhten, forahten
  • German: fürchten
  • Luxembourgish: fäerten