Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/wakēn

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic edit

Etymology edit

From Proto-Germanic *wakāną. Equivalent to *wakan (“to wake”) +‎ *-ēn.

Verb edit

*wakēn^[1]^[2]

to wake
to be awake

Inflection edit

Class 3 weak
Infinitive	*wakēn
1st sg. past	*wak?dā
Infinitive	*wakēn
Genitive infin.	*wakēnijas
Dative infin.	*wakēnijē
Instrum. infin.	*wakēniju
Indicative	Present	Past
1st singular	*wakē	*wak?dā
2nd singular	*wakēs	wak?dēs, wak?dēs
3rd singular	*wakēþ	wak?dē, wak?dā
1st plural	*wakēm	*wak?dum
2nd plural	*wakēþ	*wak?dud
3rd plural	*wakēnþ	*wak?dun
Subjunctive	Present	Past
1st singular	*wakē	*wak?dī
2nd singular	*wakēs	*wak?dī
3rd singular	*wakē	*wak?dī
1st plural	*wakēm	*wak?dīm
2nd plural	*wakēþ	*wak?dīd
3rd plural	*wakēn	*wak?dīn
Imperative	Present
Singular	*wakē
Plural	*wakēþ
	Present	Past
Participle	*wakēndī	*wak?d

Derived terms edit

*wakul

Descendants edit

Old English: wacian
- Middle English: wakien, waken
  - Scots: wauk, walk, wak, wake
  - English: wake
Old Frisian: wakia
Old Saxon: wakōn
- Middle Low German: waken
  - Plautdietsch: wakjen
Old Dutch: wacon
- Middle Dutch: wāken
  - Dutch: waken
  - Limburgish: wake
Old High German: wahhēn
- Middle High German: wachēn
  - Cimbrian: bachan
  - German: wachen
  - Luxembourgish: waachen
  - Yiddish: וואַכן (vakhn)

References edit

^ Ringe, Donald, Taylor, Ann (2014) The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 90: “*wakēn”
^ Ringe, Donald, Taylor, Ann (2014) The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 190: “PWGmc *wakē-”

[1] Ringe, Donald, Taylor, Ann (2014) The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 90: “*wakēn”

[2] Ringe, Donald, Taylor, Ann (2014) The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 190: “PWGmc *wakē-”

[1]

[2]