Reconstruction talk:Proto-Germanic/skaftaz

Table of the evolution / continuation / transfer of the senses:

• Old English: sceaft ("pole")
  • Middle English: scaft / schaft / shaft ("pole", "beam of light"; also "mining tunnel", a sense possibly acquired from Middle Low German)
    • Scots: schaft, shaft ("pole", "beam of light")
    • English: shaft ("pole", "beam of light", "mining tunnel")
• Old Frisian: skeft
  • Saterland Frisian: Schacht, Skacht
  • West Frisian: skaft
• Old Saxon: skaft
  • Middle Low German: schacht ("pole", "mining tunnel")
    • Low German: Schacht ("pole", "mining tunnel"), Schecht ("boot-leg")
    • Dutch Low Saxon: schacht
    • Plautdietsch: Scheft ("pole"); Schajcht ("boot-leg")
    • German: Schacht ("mining tunnel"; forms a doublet with Schaft)
      • Belarusian шахта (šaxta)
      • Czech: šachta ("mining tunnel"; alternatively, perhaps directly from Low German)
      • Esperanto ŝakto ("mining tunnel")
      • Estonian: šaht ("mining tunnel"; alternatively, perhaps directly from Low German)
      • Polish: szacht ("mining tunnel")
      • Russian: шахта (šákhta) ("mining tunnel")
        • Kazakh: шахта (şaxta) ("mining tunnel"; alternatively, perhaps directly from the same source as the Russian word)
      • Serbo-Croatian: šȁht ("manhole")
      • Slovak: šachta ("mining tunnel"; alternatively, perhaps directly from Low German)
      • Swedish: schakt ("mining tunnel"; forms a doublet with skaft)
      • Ukrainian шахта (šaxta)
• Old Dutch: skaft
  • Middle Dutch: schacht, scaft
    • Dutch: schacht ("pole", "mining tunnel", "freshman"), schaft (archaic)
      • Afrikaans: skag ("mining tunnel")
• Old High German: skaft ("pole", "spear")
  • Middle High German: schaft ("pole", "spear")
    • German: Schaft ("pole", "boot-leg"; forms a doublet with Schacht)
• Old Norse: skapt ("pole")
  • Icelandic: skaft ("pole")
  • Norwegian:
    • Bokmål: skaft ("pole")
    • Nynorsk: skaft ("pole")
  • Old Swedish: skaft, skapt
    • Swedish: skaft ("pole"; forms a doublet with skaft)
  • Danish: skaft

- -sche (discuss) 07:48, 19 November 2012 (UTC)