Template:bg-derived verbs/documentation

Overview

The purpose of this template is to simplify the task of adding derived verbs to the Derived terms section of a Bulgarian verb entry. Like in other Slavic languages, Bulgarian verbs exhibit the following two properties:

• rich opportunities for verbal derivation using prefixes such as до- (do-), на- (na-), от- (ot-), из- (iz-), etc.
• variants that differ by aspect: perfective or imperfective

With the help of this template, you can save yourself a lot of typing by specifying the prefixes to use, and the perfective/imperfective "stems" to attach them to.

Usage

Motivating examples

Here are a few motivating examples to provide some intuition about how this template is used. You can find an in-depth explanation of template options in the next section.

чета́

This is a straightforward example where we wish to list pairs of perfective and imperfective derived verbs, given a base pattern for the perfective and imperfective form and a list of prefixes to apply. By default, the pattern (introduced by *) starts with the perfective base. The resulting derived verbs will be sorted alphabetically.

{{bg-derived verbs
|*чета́/чи́там
|про
|до
|от
|из
|доиз
|раз
|по-/-
}}

produces:

verbs

• доизчета́ pf (doizčetá), доизчи́там impf (doizčítam)
• дочета́ pf (dočetá), дочи́там impf (dočítam)
• изчета́ pf (izčetá), изчи́там impf (izčítam)
• отчета́ pf (otčetá), отчи́там impf (otčítam)
• почета́ pf (početá)
• прочета́ pf (pročetá), прочи́там impf (pročítam)
• разчета́ pf (razčetá), разчи́там impf (razčítam)

 

садя́

This example demonstrates the support for more than one "base" per aspect, as well as the ability to manually override things e.g. when not all per-aspect options make sense.

{{bg-derived verbs
|*садя́/садя́вам,са́ждам
|по
|на
|за
|разсадя́/разса́ждам
|пре
|при
}}

produces:

verbs

• засадя́ pf (zasadjá), засадя́вам impf (zasadjávam), заса́ждам impf (zasáždam)
• насадя́ pf (nasadjá), насадя́вам impf (nasadjávam), наса́ждам impf (nasáždam)
• посадя́ pf (posadjá), посадя́вам impf (posadjávam), поса́ждам impf (posáždam)
• пресадя́ pf (presadjá), пресадя́вам impf (presadjávam), преса́ждам impf (presáždam)
• присадя́ pf (prisadjá), присадя́вам impf (prisadjávam), приса́ждам impf (prisáždam)
• разсадя́ pf (razsadjá), разса́ждам impf (razsáždam)

 

летя́

This example demonstrates the ability to specify multiple groups of derived verbs, which is useful in cases where are more than 2-3 possible derived verbs per prefix. It also shows the ability to sort each group separately (in alphabetical order) by using a line with just a hyphen (-). Leaving that line out would result in all 5 verb pairs being sorted amongst each other, which is also valid - use your judgment.

{{bg-derived verbs
|*летя́/ли́там
|по
|на
|за
|-
|*ли́тна/ли́твам<qq:iterative>
|за
|по
}}

produces:

verbs

• залетя́ pf (zaletjá), зали́там impf (zalítam)
• налетя́ pf (naletjá), нали́там impf (nalítam)
• полетя́ pf (poletjá), поли́там impf (polítam)
• зали́тна pf (zalítna), зали́твам impf (zalítvam) (iterative)
• поли́тна pf (polítna), поли́твам impf (polítvam) (iterative)

 

Template options in depth

1. In the most basic use, a slash separates corresponding aspectually paired derived verbs, normally inputted and displayed in the order perfective, imperfective. (Use |impf_first=1 to switch this and cause both the input and display to put imperfective before perfective.) To include multiple (normally synonymous) verbs for a given aspect, separate them with commas. Use a hyphen by itself to indicate that there is no verb for that aspect.
2. If a line is preceded by *, the verbs on that line specify a suffix template. This line is not displayed, but establishes a set of suffixes to be added to later-specified prefixes. For example, *чета́/чи́там specifies a suffix template consisting of perfective -чета́ (-četá) and imperfective -чи́там (-čítam).
3. If a line has no slash or comma in it, it is a prefix, which is added to the most recently-established suffix template to form the aspect pair. For example, про (pro), от (ot) and из (iz) respectively specify derived verbs прочета́ pf (pročetá)/прочи́там impf (pročítam), отчета́ pf (otčetá)/отчи́там impf (otčítam) and изчета́ pf (izčetá)/изчи́там impf (izčítam).
4. If a line with a slash in it has a verb ending in a hyphen, that verb is treated as a prefix and added to the suffix in the corresponding position for the most recently specified suffix template. For example, given *чета́/чи́там, the line по-/- expands to почета́/-, which translates to an aspectual pair with perfective почета́ (početá) and no imperfective. (Similarly, -/по- translates to an aspectual pair with imperfective почи́там (počítam) and no perfective.)
5. Normally, all specified paired verbs are automatically sorted lexicographically, ignoring accents. However, a line consisting of a hyphen by itself delineates sorting groups; sorting only happens within a group.
6. Any verb (including prefixes and suffixes) can be followed by one or more inline modifiers. These use the same syntax as in {{col}} and variants; {{alter}}/{{alt}}; {{syn}}/{{ant}}/etc.; and several other classes of templates. The basic format of an inline modifier is <PROP:VALUE> where PROP specifies a property to attach to the verb and VALUE is the corersponding value. The recognized properties are as follows:
   • q (a qualifier preceding the verb);
   • qq (a qualifier following the verb);
   • g (one or more comma-separated "genders"; here, they should be pf or impf to override the aspect; use <g:pf,impf> to specify a biaspectual derived verb such as пъту́вам (pǎtúvam);
   • t or gloss (a gloss);
   • pos (a part of speech, as in the |pos= parameter to {{link}}/{{l}});
   • tr (override the auto-generated transliteration);
   • ts (specify a transcription, as in the |ts= parameter to {{link}}/{{l}}; provided for completeness but makes no sense for Bulgarian);
   • lit (literal meaning);
   • id (sense ID, as in the |id= parameter to {{link}}/{{l}}).

See also

• {{ru-derived verbs}}
• {{pl-derived verbs}}