User:TagaSanPedroAko/Central Luzon cognate set
This is a list of cognates in the Central Luzon languages.
The Central Luzon languages is one of the sub-branches of the Philippine languages of the Malayo-Polynesian languages, and is composed of over 9 languages.
Most data for the lists is based on the Austronesian Comparative Dictionary by Robert Blust and The Sambalic Languages of Central Luzon by Roger Stone.
Subgroups and languages
editThis lists terms from the following languages and subgroups. Dialectal terms are marked with qualifiers.
- Kapampangan
- Sambalic
- Ayta Abenlen
- Ambala
- Bolinao
- Botolan
- Mag-Anchi Ayta
- Mag-Indi Ayta
- Mariveleño
- Sambali
- Remontado Agta
Cognates
editEnglish translation | Proto-Central Luzon reconstruction | Kapampangan | Sambalic | Remontado Agta | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Abenlen Ayta | Ambala | Bolinao | Botolan | Mag-Anchi Aeta | Mag-Indi Aeta | Mariveleño | Sambali | ||||
bird | *ayup | ayup | |||||||||
*manuk | manokmanok | manokmanok | manokmanok | manokmanok | manok | manuk | manokmanok | ||||
crow | *uwak | uak | owak | owak | owak | owak | uwak | uwak | owak | ||
fire | *apuy | api | apoy | apoy | apoy | apoy | apoy | apuy | apoy | ||
dog | *asu | asu | aho | aho | aso | aso | aho | asu | aso | ||
house | *balay | bale | baëy | bali | bali | bali | bali | bali | bali | ||
water | *danum | danum | lanom | lanom | lanom | ranom | lanëm | lanëm | lanom | ||
woman | *babai | babai | babayi | babayi | babayi | babayi | babayi | babayi | babayi | ||
year | *banwa | banua | |||||||||
*taun | taon | taon | taon | taon | taon | taun | taon |
Numbers
editEnglish translation | Proto-Central Luzon reconstruction | Kapampangan | Central Bisayan | Remontado Agta | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ayta Abenlen | Ambala | Bolinao | Botolan | Mag-Anchi Aeta | Mag-Indi Aeta | Mariveleño | Sambali | ||||
one | isa | isa |
Reflexes
editFollowing are the reflexes of Proto-Central Luzon sounds in each language:
- PCL *s
- Kapampangan: retained
- Sambalic: becomes H (with exceptions)
- PCL *-uy
- Kapampangan: monophthongized to /i/
- Sambalic: retained (either as /oj/ or /uj/)