User:Victar/Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/Hyáxah

This entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-Iranian edit

Etymology edit

Thematicized from earlier *Hyáxš, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hyákš, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁yég-s ~ *h₁ig-és, from *h₁eyg- (“ice, frost”) +‎ *-s.

Noun edit

*Hyáxah f^[1]^[2]^[3]

ice

Related terms edit

*h₁éHi-s ~ *h₁iH-és f

*HáHišaH^[4] (< *HáHiš)
- Proto-Shughni-Yazghulami-Munji: *ǽyš
  - Proto-Shughni-Yazghulami: *ǽyš
    - Proto-Shughni-Roshani: *ɛ́yx̌
      - Sarikoli: īx̌, yīx̌
      - Shughni: yix̌
      - Zebaki: yix̌
    - Yazghulami: yix̌
- Parachi: [script needed] (īx, “ice”)

Parachi: [script needed] (yax, “ice”)

Derived terms edit

*Hyáxnah^[1] (+ *-nah)
- Old Persian: *yaxnaʰ
  - Classical Persian: یخنی (yaxnī, “a kind of food; cold cooked meat”)
    - Iranian Persian: یخنی (yaxnī)
    - Tajik: яхни (yaxni, “boiled meat for traveling”)
    - → Arabic: يخني (yaḵni, “stew”)
    - → Ishkashimi: яхни (yaxní, “mutton ham”)
    - → Roshani-Khufi:
      Roshani: [script needed] (уахпā́, “boiled meat for traveling”)
    - → Sogdian:
      Manichaean script: 𐫏𐫑𐫗𐫏𐫏 (yxnyy /⁠yaxnē⁠/, “left over food”)
    - → Wakhi: yixní, yaxní (“skinned ram carcass”)
  - Pashto: يخني (yaxní, “cold; frost; gravy”)
  - ⇒ Old Persian: *viyaxnaʰ (+ 𐎻 (vi /⁠vi-⁠/, “away, apart”))
- Sogdian: (/⁠yaxn⁠/, “ice”)
  Sogdian script: 𐼷𐼶𐼻 (yxn), 𐼷𐼶𐼻𐼴 (yxnw)
  - ⇒ Sogdian:
    Old Sogdian script: [Old Sogdian needed] (ynγynʾk /⁠yanxēnē⁠/, “icy”)

Pashto: يڅه (yaśá, “leavings, leftovers”)

*HyáxadaHnah^[1] (+ *-daHnah)
- Pashto: يخېدنه f (yaxedə́na), يخېده m pl (yaxedə́, “chilling, freezing”)
- Sogdian:
  Old Sogdian script: [Old Sogdian needed] (yyδγn /⁠(y)ēδxān⁠/, “icebox, glaicier”)
- Old Azari: یخدان (/⁠akhdan⁠/, “box, icebox”)

Descendants edit

Southeastern Iranian:
- Sanglechi: yɛx
- Ormuri-Parachi:
  - Ormuri: [script needed] (уах)
  - Parachi: íx
- Pashto: يخ m (yax, “cold, frost; ice”)
Northwestern Iranian:
- Baluchi: یخ (yax, “cold; ice”)
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 95: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "ku" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E.
- Proto-Medo-Parthian: *yáxā
  - Caspian:
    - Gilaki: یخ (yəx)
    - Mazanderani: یخ (yax)
    - Shahmirzadi: [script needed] (īx)
  - Proto-Komisenian: *yáx
    - Lasgerdi: [script needed] (уах)
    - Sangisari: [script needed] (уах)
    - Sorkhei: [script needed] (уах)
  - Old Median: *yáxā
    - Middle Median: *yáx
      - Kermanic:
        Lua error: The language code "von" in the sixth parameter is not valid (see Wiktionary:List of languages).: уaх
        
        Fataleka, Natanzi, Yabarana: уäх
      - Semnani: [script needed] (уах)
    - Sivandi: уах
Southwestern Iranian:
- Gurani: یخ (yax)
- Middle Persian:
  Pazend script: 𐬫𐬀𐬑 (yax)
  - Larestani: یخ (yax)
  - Classical Persian: یخ (yax)
    - Dari: یخ (yax)
    - Iranian Persian: یخ (yäx)
    - Tajik: ях (yax)
    - → Urdu: یخ (yax)

References edit

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Rastorgujeva, V. S., Edelʹman, D. I. (2000–) “*aixa-”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, pages 140-143
^ Kim, Ronald I. (2007) “Two problems of Ossetic nominal morphology”, in Journal of Indo-European Studies and Historical Linguistics‎^[1], volume 112, →DOI, →ISSN, page 1
^ Edelman, D. I. (1980) “History of the consonant systems of the North-Pamir Languages”, in Indo-Iranian Journal, volume 22, number 4, Brill, →JSTOR, page 294
^ Morgenstierne, Georg (1929) “īx”, in Parachi and Ormuri (Indo-Iranian Frontier Languages), volume I, Oslo: Instituttet for Sammenlignende Kulturforskning; H. Aschehoug & Co. (W. Nygaard), page 237b

[ESIJa-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Rastorgujeva, V. S., Edelʹman, D. I. (2000–) “*aixa-”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, pages 140-143

[Kim-2] Kim, Ronald I. (2007) “Two problems of Ossetic nominal morphology”, in Journal of Indo-European Studies and Historical Linguistics‎^[1], volume 112, →DOI, →ISSN, page 1

[3] Edelman, D. I. (1980) “History of the consonant systems of the North-Pamir Languages”, in Indo-Iranian Journal, volume 22, number 4, Brill, →JSTOR, page 294

[4] Morgenstierne, Georg (1929) “īx”, in Parachi and Ormuri (Indo-Iranian Frontier Languages), volume I, Oslo: Instituttet for Sammenlignende Kulturforskning; H. Aschehoug & Co. (W. Nygaard), page 237b

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