affiler

French

Etymology

From fil, or from Vulgar Latin *affilāre, from Latin fīlum. Compare Italian affilare, Spanish afilar, Portuguese afiar.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /a.fi.le/

• Audio:

  (file)

Verb

affiler

1. to sharpen (to make sharp)

Conjugation

Conjugation of affiler (see also Appendix:French verbs)

infinitive	simple	affiler
	compound	avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1	simple	affilant /a.fi.lɑ̃/
	compound	ayant + past participle
past participle		affilé /a.fi.le/
		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		je (j’)	tu	il, elle, on	nous	vous	ils, elles
(simple tenses)	present	affile /a.fil/	affiles /a.fil/	affile /a.fil/	affilons /a.fi.lɔ̃/	affilez /a.fi.le/	affilent /a.fil/
	imperfect	affilais /a.fi.lɛ/	affilais /a.fi.lɛ/	affilait /a.fi.lɛ/	affilions /a.fi.ljɔ̃/	affiliez /a.fi.lje/	affilaient /a.fi.lɛ/
	past historic2	affilai /a.fi.le/	affilas /a.fi.la/	affila /a.fi.la/	affilâmes /a.fi.lam/	affilâtes /a.fi.lat/	affilèrent /a.fi.lɛʁ/
	future	affilerai /a.fil.ʁe/	affileras /a.fil.ʁa/	affilera /a.fil.ʁa/	affilerons /a.fil.ʁɔ̃/	affilerez /a.fil.ʁe/	affileront /a.fil.ʁɔ̃/
	conditional	affilerais /a.fil.ʁɛ/	affilerais /a.fil.ʁɛ/	affilerait /a.fil.ʁɛ/	affilerions /a.fi.lə.ʁjɔ̃/	affileriez /a.fi.lə.ʁje/	affileraient /a.fil.ʁɛ/
(compound tenses)	present perfect	present indicative of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
	past anterior2	past historic of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que je (j’)	que tu	qu’il, qu’elle	que nous	que vous	qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple tenses)	present	affile /a.fil/	affiles /a.fil/	affile /a.fil/	affilions /a.fi.ljɔ̃/	affiliez /a.fi.lje/	affilent /a.fil/
	imperfect2	affilasse /a.fi.las/	affilasses /a.fi.las/	affilât /a.fi.la/	affilassions /a.fi.la.sjɔ̃/	affilassiez /a.fi.la.sje/	affilassent /a.fi.las/
(compound tenses)	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect2	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nous	vous	–
simple		—	affile /a.fil/	—	affilons /a.fi.lɔ̃/	affilez /a.fi.le/	—
compound		—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way: past historic → present perfect past anterior → pluperfect imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Derived terms

• affilage
• affileur
• affiloir

Related terms

• défiler
• fil
• filer

Further reading

• “affiler”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.