assaillir
French edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Old French assaillir, assalir, from Late Latin assalīre (“attack”, literally “jump on”), from Latin salīre (“jump”).
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
assaillir
Conjugation edit
This verb is part of a small group of verbs in -ir that conjugate in the indicative imperfect and present, the subjunctive present, and the present participle, as if they ended in -er. They are sometimes written with an 'e' in the future and imperfect, like cueillir and other verbs in -llir.
Conjugation of assaillir (see also Appendix:French verbs)
infinitive | simple | assaillir | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
present participle or gerund1 | simple | assaillant /a.sa.jɑ̃/ | |||||
compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
past participle | assailli /a.sa.ji/ | ||||||
singular | plural | ||||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | assaille /a.saj/ |
assailles /a.saj/ |
assaille /a.saj/ |
assaillons /a.sa.jɔ̃/ |
assaillez /a.sa.je/ |
assaillent /a.saj/ |
imperfect | assaillais /a.sa.jɛ/ |
assaillais /a.sa.jɛ/ |
assaillait /a.sa.jɛ/ |
assaillions /a.saj.jɔ̃/ |
assailliez /a.saj.je/ |
assaillaient /a.sa.jɛ/ | |
past historic2 | assaillis /a.sa.ji/ |
assaillis /a.sa.ji/ |
assaillit /a.sa.ji/ |
assaillîmes /a.sa.jim/ |
assaillîtes /a.sa.jit/ |
assaillirent /a.sa.jiʁ/ | |
future | assaillirai or assaillerai /a.sa.ji.ʁe/ or /a.saj.ʁe/ |
assailliras or assailleras /a.sa.ji.ʁa/ or /a.saj.ʁa/ |
assaillira or assaillera /a.sa.ji.ʁa/ or /a.saj.ʁa/ |
assaillirons or assaillerons /a.sa.ji.ʁɔ̃/ or /a.saj.ʁɔ̃/ |
assaillirez or assaillerez /a.sa.ji.ʁe/ or /a.saj.ʁe/ |
assailliront or assailleront /a.sa.ji.ʁɔ̃/ or /a.saj.ʁɔ̃/ | |
conditional | assaillirais or assaillerais /a.sa.ji.ʁɛ/ or /a.saj.ʁɛ/ |
assaillirais or assaillerais /a.sa.ji.ʁɛ/ or /a.saj.ʁɛ/ |
assaillirait or assaillerait /a.sa.ji.ʁɛ/ or /a.saj.ʁɛ/ |
assaillirions or assaillerions /a.sa.ji.ʁjɔ̃/ or /a.sa.jə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
assailliriez or assailleriez /a.sa.ji.ʁje/ or /a.sa.jə.ʁje/ |
assailliraient or assailleraient /a.sa.ji.ʁɛ/ or /a.saj.ʁɛ/ | |
(compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | assaille /a.saj/ |
assailles /a.saj/ |
assaille /a.saj/ |
assaillions /a.saj.jɔ̃/ |
assailliez /a.saj.je/ |
assaillent /a.saj/ |
imperfect2 | assaillisse /a.sa.jis/ |
assaillisses /a.sa.jis/ |
assaillît /a.sa.ji/ |
assaillissions /a.sa.ji.sjɔ̃/ |
assaillissiez /a.sa.ji.sje/ |
assaillissent /a.sa.jis/ | |
(compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | – | – | ||||
simple | — | assaille /a.saj/ |
— | assaillons /a.sa.jɔ̃/ |
assaillez /a.sa.je/ |
— | |
compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). |
Further reading edit
- “assaillir”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Middle French edit
Verb edit
assaillir
Old French edit
Verb edit
assaillir
- alternative infinitive of assalir.
Conjugation edit
This verb conjugates as a third-group verb. This verb has irregularities in its conjugation. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.
Conjugation of assaillir (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)