bandukol
Hungarian edit
Etymology edit
An onomatopoeia + -kol (frequentative suffix).[1]
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
bandukol
- (intransitive) to saunter, trudge, amble (to walk slowly, with head down, often deeply in thoughts)
- Synonyms: ballag, baktat, kullog, mendegél, cammog[2]
- Lassan a ház felé bandukoltunk. ― We walked slowly towards the house.
- 1965 (first publication of the Hungarian translation), Christian Morgenstern (original author), Tamás Katona (Hungarian translator), Max Knight and Jerome Lettvin (English translators), A tölcsér:
- Két tölcsér éjjel bandukolt. / Szűk torkukon a kandi hold / ezüstös fényét / általönti, / útjukra / szórja, / s. t. / b. [1]
- Two funnels travel through the night; / a sylvan moon’s canescent light / employs their bodies’ narrow / flue in flowing pale / and cheerful / thro / ug / h [2]
- Through darkest night two funnels go; / and in their narrow necks below / moonbeams gather to cast / the better a / light upon / their / path / et / c. [3]
- Two funnels travel through the night; / a sylvan moon’s canescent light / employs their bodies’ narrow / flue in flowing pale / and cheerful / thro / ug / h [2]
- Két tölcsér éjjel bandukolt. / Szűk torkukon a kandi hold / ezüstös fényét / általönti, / útjukra / szórja, / s. t. / b. [1]
Conjugation edit
conjugation of bandukol
| Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | bandukolok | bandukolsz | bandukol | bandukolunk | bandukoltok | bandukolnak | |
| Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indef. | bandukoltam | bandukoltál | bandukolt | bandukoltunk | bandukoltatok | bandukoltak | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Future | Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. bandukolni fog. | ||||||||
| Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | bandukolék | bandukolál | bandukola | bandukolánk | bandukolátok | bandukolának | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. bandukol vala, bandukolt vala/volt. | ||||||||
| Archaic Future |
Indef. | bandukolandok | bandukolandasz | bandukoland | bandukolandunk | bandukolandotok | bandukolandanak | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | bandukolnék | bandukolnál | bandukolna | bandukolnánk | bandukolnátok | bandukolnának | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. bandukolt volna | ||||||||
| Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | bandukoljak | bandukolj or bandukoljál |
bandukoljon | bandukoljunk | bandukoljatok | bandukoljanak | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| (Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. bandukolt légyen | ||||||||
| Infinitive | bandukolni | bandukolnom | bandukolnod | bandukolnia | bandukolnunk | bandukolnotok | bandukolniuk | ||
| Other forms |
Verbal noun | Present part. | Past part. | Future part. | Adverbial participle | Causative | |||
| bandukolás | bandukoló | bandukolt | ― | bandukolva (bandukolván) | |||||
potential conjugation of bandukol
| Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | bandukolhatok | bandukolhatsz | bandukolhat | bandukolhatunk | bandukolhattok | bandukolhatnak | |
| Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indef. | bandukolhattam | bandukolhattál | bandukolhatott | bandukolhattunk | bandukolhattatok | bandukolhattak | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | bandukolhaték | bandukolhatál | bandukolhata | bandukolhatánk | bandukolhatátok | bandukolhatának | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. bandukolhat vala, bandukolhatott vala/volt. | ||||||||
| Archaic Future |
Indef. | bandukolhatandok or bandukolandhatok |
bandukolhatandasz or bandukolandhatsz |
bandukolhatand or bandukolandhat |
bandukolhatandunk or bandukolandhatunk |
bandukolhatandotok or bandukolandhattok |
bandukolhatandanak or bandukolandhatnak | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | bandukolhatnék | bandukolhatnál | bandukolhatna | bandukolhatnánk | bandukolhatnátok | bandukolhatnának | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. bandukolhatott volna | ||||||||
| Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | bandukolhassak | bandukolhass or bandukolhassál |
bandukolhasson | bandukolhassunk | bandukolhassatok | bandukolhassanak | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| (Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. bandukolhatott légyen | ||||||||
| Inf. | (bandukolhatni) | (bandukolhatnom) | (bandukolhatnod) | (bandukolhatnia) | (bandukolhatnunk) | (bandukolhatnotok) | (bandukolhatniuk) | ||
| Positive adjective | ― | Neg. adj. | ― | Adv. part. | (bandukolhatva / bandukolhatván) | ||||
Derived terms edit
(With verbal prefixes):
References edit
- ^ bandukol in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)
- ^ Eőry, Vilma. Értelmező szótár+ (’Explanatory Dictionary Plus’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2007. →ISBN
Further reading edit
- bandukol in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
- bandukol in Ittzés, Nóra (ed.). A magyar nyelv nagyszótára (‘A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published A–ez as of 2024)