biret

Old Polish

Etymology

Borrowed from Old Czech biret, from Medieval Latin birretum, from Late Latin birrus (“large hooded cloak”), from Gaulish *birros (“short cloak”), from Proto-Celtic *birros (“short”). First attested in 1405.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (10^th–15^th CE) /birɛt/
• IPA^(key): (15^th CE) /birɛt/

Noun

biret m animacy unattested

1. kind of cap (headwear)
   • 1902 [1405], “Wybór zapisek sądowych grodzkich i ziemskich wielkopolskich z XV wieku”, in Franciszek Piekosiński, editor, Studia, rozprawy i materiały z dziedziny historii polskiej i prawa polskiego‎^[1], volume 6, page 252:

     Yacosm ne wszanl chøszebnø rzeczø panczi *krziwen y bireta Ianowi Gelenewi

     [Jakośm nie wziął chąsiebną rzeczą piąci grzywien i bireta Janowi Jeleniewi]

Descendants

• Polish: biret

References

• B. Sieradzka-Baziur, editor (2011–2015), “biret”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN

Polish

biret akademicki (sense 1.1)

Biret księży (sense 1.2)

Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish biret, from Old Czech biret, from Medieval Latin birretum, from Late Latin birrus (“large hooded cloak”), from Gaulish *birros (“short cloak”), from Proto-Celtic *birros (“short”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈbi.rɛt/
• (Middle Polish) IPA^(key): /ˈbi.rɛt/

• Audio

  (file)

• Rhymes: -irɛt
• Syllabification: bi‧ret

Noun

biret m inan

1. square hat
   2. mortarboard

      profesorski biret ― professor's mortarboard

      biret doktorski ― doctor's mortarboard

      biret sędziowski ― judge's mortarboard

      akademickie birety ― academic mortarboards

      gimnazjalne birety ― middle school mortarboards

      studenckie birety ― students' mortarboards

      uczniowskie birety ― pupils' mortarboards

      biret doktora honoris causa ― doktor honoris causa's/onorary doctorate's/honorary doctor's mortarboards

      absolwenci w biretach ― graduates in mortarboards

      młodzież w biretach ― youth in mortarboards

   4. (Roman Catholicism) biretta

      księży biret ― priest's biretta

      biret kapłański ― priest's biretta

      królewski biret ― royal biretta

      biret kardynalski ― cardinal's biretta

      biret księdza ― priest's biretta

      biret z pomponem ― biretta with a pompom

      pompon biretu ― biretta's pompom

      kapłan/ksiądz w birecie ― priest in a biretta

Declension

Declension of biret

	singular	plural
nominative	biret	birety
genitive	biretu	biretów
dative	biretowi	biretom
accusative	biret	birety
instrumental	biretem	biretami
locative	birecie	biretach
vocative	birecie	birety

Further reading

• biret in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• biret in Polish dictionaries at PWN