butyrum

Latin

Alternative forms

• būtūrum

Etymology

Borrowed from Ancient Greek βούτῡρον (boútūron, literally “cow cheese”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /buːˈtyː.rum/, [buːˈt̪yːrʊ̃ˑ]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /buˈti.rum/, [buˈt̪iːrum]
• (Late Latin Greek accent variant) IPA^(key): /ˈbuː.tyː.rum/, [ˈbuːt̪yːrʊ̃ˑ]

Noun

būtȳrum n (genitive būtȳrī); second declension

1. butter
2. (alchemy) chemicals with butter-like consistency, mostly chloride salts

   butyrum antimonii ― SbCl₃

   butyrum arsenici ― K₃AsO₄

   butyrum zinci ― ZnCl₂

Declension

Second-declension noun (neuter).

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	būtȳrum	būtȳra
Genitive	būtȳrī	būtȳrōrum
Dative	būtȳrō	būtȳrīs
Accusative	būtȳrum	būtȳra
Ablative	būtȳrō	būtȳrīs
Vocative	būtȳrum	būtȳra

Descendants

• From bútyrum (per the Greek accentuation):
  • Aragonese: buro
  • Occitan: burre, bóder
  • Old Catalan: bori
  • Franco-Provençal: burro
  • Old French: bure (see there for further descendants)
  • Old Occitan: buire
  • → Proto-West Germanic: *buterā (see there for further descendants)
• From butýrum:
  • Corsican: butiru, butirru
  • Dalmatian: butir
  • Emilian: butîr, butēr
  • Italian: butirro
    • → Sardinian: butirru
  • Ligurian: butîro, bitîro
  • Lombard: buter, bütér
  • Occitan: boder
  • Piedmontese: butir
  • Sicilian: butirru
    • → Maltese: butir
  • Venetian: butiro, botiro, butiero
  • → Spanish: butiro

References

• “butyrum”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• butyrum in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• “butyrum”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “butyrum”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin
• For various descendants:
  • “bori” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
  • Meyer-Lübke, Wilhelm (1911) “butyrum”, in Romanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), page 108
  • Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “butyrum”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volumes 1: A–B, page 663