eorna

See also: eòrna

Irish

eorna

Etymology

From Middle Irish eórna (compare Scottish Gaelic eòrna, Manx oarn), from *yeworniū, from Proto-Celtic *yewos (compare Breton yell (“spelt”)), from Proto-Indo-European *yéwos (“barley”) (compare Lithuanian javaĩ (“grain”), Persian جو (jaw), Sanskrit यव (yava)).

Pronunciation

• (Munster, Connacht) IPA^(key): /ˈoːɾˠn̪ˠə/
• (Ulster) IPA^(key): /ˈɔːɾˠn̪ˠə/

Noun

eorna f (genitive singular eorna or eornan)

1. barley (Hordeum vulgare)

Declension

Standard inflection (fourth declension)

Declension of eorna

Fourth declension

Bare forms (no plural of this noun) Case Singular Nominative eorna Vocative a eorna Genitive eorna Dative eorna

Forms with the definite article Case Singular Nominative an eorna Genitive na heorna Dative leis an eorna don eorna

Alternative inflection (fifth declension)

Declension of eorna

Fifth declension

Bare forms (no plural for this noun): Case Singular Nominative eorna Vocative a eorna Genitive eornan Dative eorna eornain (archaic, dialectal)

Forms with the definite article: Case Singular Nominative an eorna Genitive na heornan Dative leis an eorna leis an eornain (archaic, dialectal) don eorna don eornain (archaic, dialectal)

Derived terms

• easpa eorna (“petty spurge”)
• eorna bheag (“bere”)
• eorna nua (“the new (season’s) barley; welcome change of food”)
• eorna phéarlach (“pearl barley”)
• gráinne eorna (“barleycorn”)
• sú na heorna, úsc na heorna (“spirits distilled from barley, whiskey”)
• uisce eorna (“barley-water”)

 

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical	Eclipsis	with h-prothesis	with t-prothesis
eorna	n-eorna	heorna	not applicable
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “eorna”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “eórna”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904) “eorna”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 288
• de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “eorna”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
• “eorna”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2024