estonner

Middle French

Etymology

Old French estoner.

Verb

estonner

1. to shock; to surprise
2. (reflexive, s'estonner) to be surprised

Conjugation

• Middle French conjugation varies from one text to another. Hence, the following conjugation should be considered as typical, not as exhaustive.

Conjugation of estonner

infinitive	simple	estonner
	compound	avoir + past participle
present participle1 or gerund2	simple	estonnant
	compound	present participle or gerund of avoir + past participle
past participle		estonné
		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		ie (i’)	tu	il, elle	nous	vous	ilz, elles
(simple tenses)	present	estonne	estonnes	estonne	estonnons	estonnez	estonnent
	imperfect	estonnois, estonnoys	estonnois, estonnoys	estonnoit, estonnoyt	estonnions, estonnyons	estonniez, estonnyez	estonnoient, estonnoyent
	past historic	estonna	estonnas	estonna	estonnasmes	estonnastes	estonnerent
	future	estonnerai, estonneray	estonneras	estonnera	estonnerons	estonnerez	estonneront
	conditional	estonnerois, estonneroys	estonnerois, estonneroys	estonneroit, estonneroyt	estonnerions, estonneryons	estonneriez, estonneryez	estonneroient, estonneroyent
(compound tenses)	present perfect	present indicative of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
	past anterior	past historic of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que ie (i’)	que tu	qu’il, qu’elle	que nous	que vous	qu’ilz, qu’elles
(simple tenses)	present	estonne	estonnes	estonne	estonnons	estonnez	estonnent
	imperfect	estonnasse	estonnasses	estonnast	estonnassions	estonnassiez	estonnassent
(compound tenses)	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nous	vous	–
simple		—	estonne	—	estonnons	estonnez	—
compound		—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—
1 The present participle was variable in gender and number until the 17th century (Anne Sancier-Château [1995], Une esthétique nouvelle: Honoré d'Urfé, correcteur de l'Astrée, p. 179). The French Academy would eventually declare it not to be declined in 1679.
2 The gerund was held to be invariable by grammarians of the early 17th century, and was usable with preposition en, as in Modern French, although the preposition was not mandatory (Anne Sancier-Château [1995], op. cit., p. 180).

Descendants

• French: étonner