Tone H
|
Infinitive
|
ukufanela
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
Infinitive
|
ukufanela
|
ukungafaneli
|
|
Imperative
|
|
Simple
|
+ object concord
|
Singular
|
fanela
|
-fanele
|
Plural
|
fanelani
|
-faneleni
|
|
Present
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngiyafanela, ngifanela
|
engifanelayo, engifanela
|
ngifanela
|
angifaneli
|
engingafaneli
|
ngingafaneli
|
2nd singular
|
uyafanela, ufanela
|
ofanelayo, ofanela
|
ufanela
|
awufaneli
|
ongafaneli
|
ungafaneli
|
1st plural
|
siyafanela, sifanela
|
esifanelayo, esifanela
|
sifanela
|
asifaneli
|
esingafaneli
|
singafaneli
|
2nd plural
|
niyafanela, nifanela
|
enifanelayo, enifanela
|
nifanela
|
anifaneli
|
eningafaneli
|
ningafaneli
|
Class 1
|
uyafanela, ufanela
|
ofanelayo, ofanela
|
efanela
|
akafaneli
|
ongafaneli
|
engafaneli
|
Class 2
|
bayafanela, bafanela
|
abafanelayo, abafanela
|
befanela
|
abafaneli
|
abangafaneli
|
bengafaneli
|
Class 3
|
uyafanela, ufanela
|
ofanelayo, ofanela
|
ufanela
|
awufaneli
|
ongafaneli
|
ungafaneli
|
Class 4
|
iyafanela, ifanela
|
efanelayo, efanela
|
ifanela
|
ayifaneli
|
engafaneli
|
ingafaneli
|
Class 5
|
liyafanela, lifanela
|
elifanelayo, elifanela
|
lifanela
|
alifaneli
|
elingafaneli
|
lingafaneli
|
Class 6
|
ayafanela, afanela
|
afanelayo, afanela
|
efanela
|
awafaneli
|
angafaneli
|
engafaneli
|
Class 7
|
siyafanela, sifanela
|
esifanelayo, esifanela
|
sifanela
|
asifaneli
|
esingafaneli
|
singafaneli
|
Class 8
|
ziyafanela, zifanela
|
ezifanelayo, ezifanela
|
zifanela
|
azifaneli
|
ezingafaneli
|
zingafaneli
|
Class 9
|
iyafanela, ifanela
|
efanelayo, efanela
|
ifanela
|
ayifaneli
|
engafaneli
|
ingafaneli
|
Class 10
|
ziyafanela, zifanela
|
ezifanelayo, ezifanela
|
zifanela
|
azifaneli
|
ezingafaneli
|
zingafaneli
|
Class 11
|
luyafanela, lufanela
|
olufanelayo, olufanela
|
lufanela
|
alufaneli
|
olungafaneli
|
lungafaneli
|
Class 14
|
buyafanela, bufanela
|
obufanelayo, obufanela
|
bufanela
|
abufaneli
|
obungafaneli
|
bungafaneli
|
Class 15
|
kuyafanela, kufanela
|
okufanelayo, okufanela
|
kufanela
|
akufaneli
|
okungafaneli
|
kungafaneli
|
Class 17
|
kuyafanela, kufanela
|
okufanelayo, okufanela
|
kufanela
|
akufaneli
|
okungafaneli
|
kungafaneli
|
|
Recent past
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngifanelile, ngifanelē
|
engifanelile, engifanelē
|
ngifanelile, ngifanelē
|
angifanelanga
|
engingafanelanga
|
ngingafanelanga
|
2nd singular
|
ufanelile, ufanelē
|
ofanelile, ofanelē
|
ufanelile, ufanelē
|
awufanelanga
|
ongafanelanga
|
ungafanelanga
|
1st plural
|
sifanelile, sifanelē
|
esifanelile, esifanelē
|
sifanelile, sifanelē
|
asifanelanga
|
esingafanelanga
|
singafanelanga
|
2nd plural
|
nifanelile, nifanelē
|
enifanelile, enifanelē
|
nifanelile, nifanelē
|
anifanelanga
|
eningafanelanga
|
ningafanelanga
|
Class 1
|
ufanelile, ufanelē
|
ofanelile, ofanelē
|
efanelile, efanelē
|
akafanelanga
|
ongafanelanga
|
engafanelanga
|
Class 2
|
bafanelile, bafanelē
|
abafanelile, abafanelē
|
befanelile, befanelē
|
abafanelanga
|
abangafanelanga
|
bengafanelanga
|
Class 3
|
ufanelile, ufanelē
|
ofanelile, ofanelē
|
ufanelile, ufanelē
|
awufanelanga
|
ongafanelanga
|
ungafanelanga
|
Class 4
|
ifanelile, ifanelē
|
efanelile, efanelē
|
ifanelile, ifanelē
|
ayifanelanga
|
engafanelanga
|
ingafanelanga
|
Class 5
|
lifanelile, lifanelē
|
elifanelile, elifanelē
|
lifanelile, lifanelē
|
alifanelanga
|
elingafanelanga
|
lingafanelanga
|
Class 6
|
afanelile, afanelē
|
afanelile, afanelē
|
efanelile, efanelē
|
awafanelanga
|
angafanelanga
|
engafanelanga
|
Class 7
|
sifanelile, sifanelē
|
esifanelile, esifanelē
|
sifanelile, sifanelē
|
asifanelanga
|
esingafanelanga
|
singafanelanga
|
Class 8
|
zifanelile, zifanelē
|
ezifanelile, ezifanelē
|
zifanelile, zifanelē
|
azifanelanga
|
ezingafanelanga
|
zingafanelanga
|
Class 9
|
ifanelile, ifanelē
|
efanelile, efanelē
|
ifanelile, ifanelē
|
ayifanelanga
|
engafanelanga
|
ingafanelanga
|
Class 10
|
zifanelile, zifanelē
|
ezifanelile, ezifanelē
|
zifanelile, zifanelē
|
azifanelanga
|
ezingafanelanga
|
zingafanelanga
|
Class 11
|
lufanelile, lufanelē
|
olufanelile, olufanelē
|
lufanelile, lufanelē
|
alufanelanga
|
olungafanelanga
|
lungafanelanga
|
Class 14
|
bufanelile, bufanelē
|
obufanelile, obufanelē
|
bufanelile, bufanelē
|
abufanelanga
|
obungafanelanga
|
bungafanelanga
|
Class 15
|
kufanelile, kufanelē
|
okufanelile, okufanelē
|
kufanelile, kufanelē
|
akufanelanga
|
okungafanelanga
|
kungafanelanga
|
Class 17
|
kufanelile, kufanelē
|
okufanelile, okufanelē
|
kufanelile, kufanelē
|
akufanelanga
|
okungafanelanga
|
kungafanelanga
|
|
Remote past
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngāfanela
|
engāfanela
|
ngāfanela
|
angifanelanga
|
engingafanelanga
|
ngingafanelanga
|
2nd singular
|
wāfanela
|
owāfanela
|
wāfanela
|
awufanelanga
|
ongafanelanga
|
ungafanelanga
|
1st plural
|
sāfanela
|
esāfanela
|
sāfanela
|
asifanelanga
|
esingafanelanga
|
singafanelanga
|
2nd plural
|
nāfanela
|
enāfanela
|
nāfanela
|
anifanelanga
|
eningafanelanga
|
ningafanelanga
|
Class 1
|
wāfanela
|
owāfanela
|
āfanela
|
akafanelanga
|
ongafanelanga
|
engafanelanga
|
Class 2
|
bāfanela
|
abāfanela
|
bāfanela
|
abafanelanga
|
abangafanelanga
|
bengafanelanga
|
Class 3
|
wāfanela
|
owāfanela
|
wāfanela
|
awufanelanga
|
ongafanelanga
|
ungafanelanga
|
Class 4
|
yāfanela
|
eyāfanela
|
yāfanela
|
ayifanelanga
|
engafanelanga
|
ingafanelanga
|
Class 5
|
lāfanela
|
elāfanela
|
lāfanela
|
alifanelanga
|
elingafanelanga
|
lingafanelanga
|
Class 6
|
āfanela
|
āfanela
|
āfanela
|
awafanelanga
|
angafanelanga
|
engafanelanga
|
Class 7
|
sāfanela
|
esāfanela
|
sāfanela
|
asifanelanga
|
esingafanelanga
|
singafanelanga
|
Class 8
|
zāfanela
|
ezāfanela
|
zāfanela
|
azifanelanga
|
ezingafanelanga
|
zingafanelanga
|
Class 9
|
yāfanela
|
eyāfanela
|
yāfanela
|
ayifanelanga
|
engafanelanga
|
ingafanelanga
|
Class 10
|
zāfanela
|
ezāfanela
|
zāfanela
|
azifanelanga
|
ezingafanelanga
|
zingafanelanga
|
Class 11
|
lwāfanela
|
olwāfanela
|
lwāfanela
|
alufanelanga
|
olungafanelanga
|
lungafanelanga
|
Class 14
|
bāfanela
|
obāfanela
|
bāfanela
|
abufanelanga
|
obungafanelanga
|
bungafanelanga
|
Class 15
|
kwāfanela
|
okwāfanela
|
kwāfanela
|
akufanelanga
|
okungafanelanga
|
kungafanelanga
|
Class 17
|
kwāfanela
|
okwāfanela
|
kwāfanela
|
akufanelanga
|
okungafanelanga
|
kungafanelanga
|
|
Potential
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngingafanela
|
—
|
ngingafanela
|
ngingefanele
|
—
|
ngingefanele
|
2nd singular
|
ungafanela
|
—
|
ungafanela
|
ungefanele
|
—
|
ungefanele
|
1st plural
|
singafanela
|
—
|
singafanela
|
singefanele
|
—
|
singefanele
|
2nd plural
|
ningafanela
|
—
|
ningafanela
|
ningefanele
|
—
|
ningefanele
|
Class 1
|
angafanela
|
—
|
engafanela
|
angefanele
|
—
|
engefanele
|
Class 2
|
bangafanela
|
—
|
bengafanela
|
bangefanele
|
—
|
bengefanele
|
Class 3
|
ungafanela
|
—
|
ungafanela
|
ungefanele
|
—
|
ungefanele
|
Class 4
|
ingafanela
|
—
|
ingafanela
|
ingefanele
|
—
|
ingefanele
|
Class 5
|
lingafanela
|
—
|
lingafanela
|
lingefanele
|
—
|
lingefanele
|
Class 6
|
angafanela
|
—
|
engafanela
|
angefanele
|
—
|
engefanele
|
Class 7
|
singafanela
|
—
|
singafanela
|
singefanele
|
—
|
singefanele
|
Class 8
|
zingafanela
|
—
|
zingafanela
|
zingefanele
|
—
|
zingefanele
|
Class 9
|
ingafanela
|
—
|
ingafanela
|
ingefanele
|
—
|
ingefanele
|
Class 10
|
zingafanela
|
—
|
zingafanela
|
zingefanele
|
—
|
zingefanele
|
Class 11
|
lungafanela
|
—
|
lungafanela
|
lungefanele
|
—
|
lungefanele
|
Class 14
|
bungafanela
|
—
|
bungafanela
|
bungefanele
|
—
|
bungefanele
|
Class 15
|
kungafanela
|
—
|
kungafanela
|
kungefanele
|
—
|
kungefanele
|
Class 17
|
kungafanela
|
—
|
kungafanela
|
kungefanele
|
—
|
kungefanele
|
|
Immediate future
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngizofanela
|
engizofanela
|
ngizofanela
|
angizufanela
|
engingezufanela
|
ngingezufanela
|
2nd singular
|
uzofanela
|
ozofanela
|
uzofanela
|
awuzufanela
|
ongezufanela
|
ungezufanela
|
1st plural
|
sizofanela
|
esizofanela
|
sizofanela
|
asizufanela
|
esingezufanela
|
singezufanela
|
2nd plural
|
nizofanela
|
enizofanela
|
nizofanela
|
anizufanela
|
eningezufanela
|
ningezufanela
|
Class 1
|
uzofanela
|
ozofanela
|
ezofanela
|
akazufanela
|
ongezufanela
|
engezufanela
|
Class 2
|
bazofanela
|
abazofanela
|
bezofanela
|
abazufanela
|
abangezufanela
|
bengezufanela
|
Class 3
|
uzofanela
|
ozofanela
|
uzofanela
|
awuzufanela
|
ongezufanela
|
ungezufanela
|
Class 4
|
izofanela
|
ezofanela
|
izofanela
|
ayizufanela
|
engezufanela
|
ingezufanela
|
Class 5
|
lizofanela
|
elizofanela
|
lizofanela
|
alizufanela
|
elingezufanela
|
lingezufanela
|
Class 6
|
azofanela
|
azofanela
|
ezofanela
|
awazufanela
|
angezufanela
|
engezufanela
|
Class 7
|
sizofanela
|
esizofanela
|
sizofanela
|
asizufanela
|
esingezufanela
|
singezufanela
|
Class 8
|
zizofanela
|
ezizofanela
|
zizofanela
|
azizufanela
|
ezingezufanela
|
zingezufanela
|
Class 9
|
izofanela
|
ezofanela
|
izofanela
|
ayizufanela
|
engezufanela
|
ingezufanela
|
Class 10
|
zizofanela
|
ezizofanela
|
zizofanela
|
azizufanela
|
ezingezufanela
|
zingezufanela
|
Class 11
|
luzofanela
|
oluzofanela
|
luzofanela
|
aluzufanela
|
olungezufanela
|
lungezufanela
|
Class 14
|
buzofanela
|
obuzofanela
|
buzofanela
|
abuzufanela
|
obungezufanela
|
bungezufanela
|
Class 15
|
kuzofanela
|
okuzofanela
|
kuzofanela
|
akuzufanela
|
okungezufanela
|
kungezufanela
|
Class 17
|
kuzofanela
|
okuzofanela
|
kuzofanela
|
akuzufanela
|
okungezufanela
|
kungezufanela
|
|
Remote future
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngiyofanela
|
engiyofanela
|
ngiyofanela
|
angiyufanela
|
engingeyufanela
|
ngingeyufanela
|
2nd singular
|
uyofanela
|
oyofanela
|
uyofanela
|
awuyufanela
|
ongeyufanela
|
ungeyufanela
|
1st plural
|
siyofanela
|
esiyofanela
|
siyofanela
|
asiyufanela
|
esingeyufanela
|
singeyufanela
|
2nd plural
|
niyofanela
|
eniyofanela
|
niyofanela
|
aniyufanela
|
eningeyufanela
|
ningeyufanela
|
Class 1
|
uyofanela
|
oyofanela
|
eyofanela
|
akayufanela
|
ongeyufanela
|
engeyufanela
|
Class 2
|
bayofanela
|
abayofanela
|
beyofanela
|
abayufanela
|
abangeyufanela
|
bengeyufanela
|
Class 3
|
uyofanela
|
oyofanela
|
uyofanela
|
awuyufanela
|
ongeyufanela
|
ungeyufanela
|
Class 4
|
iyofanela
|
eyofanela
|
iyofanela
|
ayiyufanela
|
engeyufanela
|
ingeyufanela
|
Class 5
|
liyofanela
|
eliyofanela
|
liyofanela
|
aliyufanela
|
elingeyufanela
|
lingeyufanela
|
Class 6
|
ayofanela
|
ayofanela
|
eyofanela
|
awayufanela
|
angeyufanela
|
engeyufanela
|
Class 7
|
siyofanela
|
esiyofanela
|
siyofanela
|
asiyufanela
|
esingeyufanela
|
singeyufanela
|
Class 8
|
ziyofanela
|
eziyofanela
|
ziyofanela
|
aziyufanela
|
ezingeyufanela
|
zingeyufanela
|
Class 9
|
iyofanela
|
eyofanela
|
iyofanela
|
ayiyufanela
|
engeyufanela
|
ingeyufanela
|
Class 10
|
ziyofanela
|
eziyofanela
|
ziyofanela
|
aziyufanela
|
ezingeyufanela
|
zingeyufanela
|
Class 11
|
luyofanela
|
oluyofanela
|
luyofanela
|
aluyufanela
|
olungeyufanela
|
lungeyufanela
|
Class 14
|
buyofanela
|
obuyofanela
|
buyofanela
|
abuyufanela
|
obungeyufanela
|
bungeyufanela
|
Class 15
|
kuyofanela
|
okuyofanela
|
kuyofanela
|
akuyufanela
|
okungeyufanela
|
kungeyufanela
|
Class 17
|
kuyofanela
|
okuyofanela
|
kuyofanela
|
akuyufanela
|
okungeyufanela
|
kungeyufanela
|
|
Present subjunctive
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
1st singular
|
ngifanele
|
ngingafaneli
|
2nd singular
|
ufanele
|
ungafaneli
|
1st plural
|
sifanele
|
singafaneli
|
2nd plural
|
nifanele
|
ningafaneli
|
Class 1
|
afanele
|
angafaneli
|
Class 2
|
bafanele
|
bangafaneli
|
Class 3
|
ufanele
|
ungafaneli
|
Class 4
|
ifanele
|
ingafaneli
|
Class 5
|
lifanele
|
lingafaneli
|
Class 6
|
afanele
|
angafaneli
|
Class 7
|
sifanele
|
singafaneli
|
Class 8
|
zifanele
|
zingafaneli
|
Class 9
|
ifanele
|
ingafaneli
|
Class 10
|
zifanele
|
zingafaneli
|
Class 11
|
lufanele
|
lungafaneli
|
Class 14
|
bufanele
|
bungafaneli
|
Class 15
|
kufanele
|
kungafaneli
|
Class 17
|
kufanele
|
kungafaneli
|
|
Past subjunctive
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
1st singular
|
ngafanela
|
ngangafanela, angafanela, angangafanela
|
2nd singular
|
wafanela
|
wangafanela, awafanela, awangafanela
|
1st plural
|
safanela
|
sangafanela, asafanela, asangafanela
|
2nd plural
|
nafanela
|
nangafanela, anafanela, anangafanela
|
Class 1
|
wafanela
|
wangafanela, akafanela, akangafanela
|
Class 2
|
bafanela
|
bangafanela, abafanela, abangafanela
|
Class 3
|
wafanela
|
wangafanela, awafanela, awangafanela
|
Class 4
|
yafanela
|
yangafanela, ayafanela, ayangafanela
|
Class 5
|
lafanela
|
langafanela, alafanela, alangafanela
|
Class 6
|
afanela
|
angafanela, awafanela, awangafanela
|
Class 7
|
safanela
|
sangafanela, asafanela, asangafanela
|
Class 8
|
zafanela
|
zangafanela, azafanela, azangafanela
|
Class 9
|
yafanela
|
yangafanela, ayafanela, ayangafanela
|
Class 10
|
zafanela
|
zangafanela, azafanela, azangafanela
|
Class 11
|
lwafanela
|
lwangafanela, alwafanela, alwangafanela
|
Class 14
|
bafanela
|
bangafanela, abafanela, abangafanela
|
Class 15
|
kwafanela
|
kwangafanela, akwafanela, akwangafanela
|
Class 17
|
kwafanela
|
kwangafanela, akwafanela, akwangafanela
|