flétrir
French edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Old French flaistre (“withered”), from Latin flaccidus.
Verb edit
flétrir
Conjugation edit
This is a regular verb of the second conjugation, like finir, choisir, and most other verbs with infinitives ending in -ir. One salient feature of this conjugation is the repeated appearance of the infix -iss-.
Conjugation of flétrir (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | flétrir | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | flétrissant /fle.tʁi.sɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | flétri /fle.tʁi/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | flétris /fle.tʁi/ |
flétris /fle.tʁi/ |
flétrit /fle.tʁi/ |
flétrissons /fle.tʁi.sɔ̃/ |
flétrissez /fle.tʁi.se/ |
flétrissent /fle.tʁis/ |
| imperfect | flétrissais /fle.tʁi.sɛ/ |
flétrissais /fle.tʁi.sɛ/ |
flétrissait /fle.tʁi.sɛ/ |
flétrissions /fle.tʁi.sjɔ̃/ |
flétrissiez /fle.tʁi.sje/ |
flétrissaient /fle.tʁi.sɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | flétris /fle.tʁi/ |
flétris /fle.tʁi/ |
flétrit /fle.tʁi/ |
flétrîmes /fle.tʁim/ |
flétrîtes /fle.tʁit/ |
flétrirent /fle.tʁiʁ/ | |
| future | flétrirai /fle.tʁi.ʁe/ |
flétriras /fle.tʁi.ʁa/ |
flétrira /fle.tʁi.ʁa/ |
flétrirons /fle.tʁi.ʁɔ̃/ |
flétrirez /fle.tʁi.ʁe/ |
flétriront /fle.tʁi.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | flétrirais /fle.tʁi.ʁɛ/ |
flétrirais /fle.tʁi.ʁɛ/ |
flétrirait /fle.tʁi.ʁɛ/ |
flétririons /fle.tʁi.ʁjɔ̃/ |
flétririez /fle.tʁi.ʁje/ |
flétriraient /fle.tʁi.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | flétrisse /fle.tʁis/ |
flétrisses /fle.tʁis/ |
flétrisse /fle.tʁis/ |
flétrissions /fle.tʁi.sjɔ̃/ |
flétrissiez /fle.tʁi.sje/ |
flétrissent /fle.tʁis/ |
| imperfect2 | flétrisse /fle.tʁis/ |
flétrisses /fle.tʁis/ |
flétrît /fle.tʁi/ |
flétrissions /fle.tʁi.sjɔ̃/ |
flétrissiez /fle.tʁi.sje/ |
flétrissent /fle.tʁis/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | flétris /fle.tʁi/ |
— | flétrissons /fle.tʁi.sɔ̃/ |
flétrissez /fle.tʁi.se/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Etymology 2 edit
Inherited from Middle French flestrir, from Old French flastrir, alteration of Old French flatir (under influence of Etymology 1, above), from Frankish *flattjan (“to move the palm of one's hand”), from Proto-Germanic *flatjaną (“to flatten”).
Verb edit
flétrir
- (transitive, archaic) to brand (as punishment)
- (transitive, archaic) to condemn
- (transitive, archaic) to blacken, besmirch (someone's reputation etc.)
Conjugation edit
This is a regular verb of the second conjugation, like finir, choisir, and most other verbs with infinitives ending in -ir. One salient feature of this conjugation is the repeated appearance of the infix -iss-.
Conjugation of flétrir (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | flétrir | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | flétrissant /fle.tʁi.sɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | flétri /fle.tʁi/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | flétris /fle.tʁi/ |
flétris /fle.tʁi/ |
flétrit /fle.tʁi/ |
flétrissons /fle.tʁi.sɔ̃/ |
flétrissez /fle.tʁi.se/ |
flétrissent /fle.tʁis/ |
| imperfect | flétrissais /fle.tʁi.sɛ/ |
flétrissais /fle.tʁi.sɛ/ |
flétrissait /fle.tʁi.sɛ/ |
flétrissions /fle.tʁi.sjɔ̃/ |
flétrissiez /fle.tʁi.sje/ |
flétrissaient /fle.tʁi.sɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | flétris /fle.tʁi/ |
flétris /fle.tʁi/ |
flétrit /fle.tʁi/ |
flétrîmes /fle.tʁim/ |
flétrîtes /fle.tʁit/ |
flétrirent /fle.tʁiʁ/ | |
| future | flétrirai /fle.tʁi.ʁe/ |
flétriras /fle.tʁi.ʁa/ |
flétrira /fle.tʁi.ʁa/ |
flétrirons /fle.tʁi.ʁɔ̃/ |
flétrirez /fle.tʁi.ʁe/ |
flétriront /fle.tʁi.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | flétrirais /fle.tʁi.ʁɛ/ |
flétrirais /fle.tʁi.ʁɛ/ |
flétrirait /fle.tʁi.ʁɛ/ |
flétririons /fle.tʁi.ʁjɔ̃/ |
flétririez /fle.tʁi.ʁje/ |
flétriraient /fle.tʁi.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | flétrisse /fle.tʁis/ |
flétrisses /fle.tʁis/ |
flétrisse /fle.tʁis/ |
flétrissions /fle.tʁi.sjɔ̃/ |
flétrissiez /fle.tʁi.sje/ |
flétrissent /fle.tʁis/ |
| imperfect2 | flétrisse /fle.tʁis/ |
flétrisses /fle.tʁis/ |
flétrît /fle.tʁi/ |
flétrissions /fle.tʁi.sjɔ̃/ |
flétrissiez /fle.tʁi.sje/ |
flétrissent /fle.tʁis/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | flétris /fle.tʁi/ |
— | flétrissons /fle.tʁi.sɔ̃/ |
flétrissez /fle.tʁi.se/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Further reading edit
- “flétrir”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.