frisgair

Old Irish

Etymology

From frith- +‎ gairid.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [fʲrʲisˈɡarʲ]

Verb

fris·gair (verbal noun frecrae)

1. to answer, to reply
   • c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 77^a15

     Is dúnn imchumurc fil isin chanóin fris·gair lessóm a n‑imchomarc n-ísiu .i. ne occideris .i. in ⸉n‑í⸊írr-siu .i. non. .i. nís·n‑ulemairbfe ci asid·roilliset.

     It is to the interrogation that is in the Scripture text that this interrogation answers with him, i.e. ne occideris i.e. will you sg slay i.e. non i.e. you will not slay them all although they have deserved it.

   • c. 895–901, Vita tripartita Sancti Patricii, published in The tripartite Life of Patrick: with other documents relating to that saint (1887, Eyre and Spottiswoode), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes, vol. I, p. 28, line 18

     Fris·rograt ind óclach ocus is éd ro·rádi: “Óa damsa sin,” ol ind óclach.

     The young man answered and this is what he said: “[That old woman Patrick saw earlier is] a granddaughter of mine.”

Inflection

Complex, class B II present, t preterite, é future, a subjunctive

		1st sg.	2nd sg.	3rd sg.	1st pl.	2nd pl.	3rd pl.	Passive sg.	Passive pl.
Present indicative	Deut.			fris·gair
	Prot.
Imperfect indicative	Deut.			fris·gaired
	Prot.
Preterite	Deut.			fris·gart			fris·cartatar
	Prot.			·frecart
Perfect	Deut.			fris·rogart
	Prot.
Future	Deut.			fris·céra			fris·gerat
	Prot.
Conditional	Deut.
	Prot.
Present subjunctive	Deut.			fris·gara
	Prot.			·frecara
Past subjunctive	Deut.
	Prot.
Imperative
Verbal noun		frecrae
Past participle
Verbal of necessity

Descendants

• Irish: freagair
• Manx: freggyr
• Scottish Gaelic: freagair

Mutation

Old Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Nasalization
fris·gair	fris·gair pronounced with /-ɣ(ʲ)-/	fris·ngair
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “frisgair”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language