gentian

See also: Gentian

English

Gentiana brachyphylla, a gentian.

Wikispecies

Etymology

Via Middle English from Latin gentiāna, which, according to Pliny, was named after Gentius, the last king of Illyria, who supposedly discovered the plant's medicinal benefits. This has been dismissed as folk etymology but the word may still ultimately be of Illyrian origin, as -an is a common suffix in Illyrian words.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈdʒɛn(t)ʃən/

Noun

gentian (plural gentians)

1. Any of various herbs of the family Gentianaceae found in temperate and mountainous regions with violet or blue flowers.
   • 1956, Delano Ames, Crime out of Mind,^[1], chapter 1:

     On the cover of the leaflet advertising the Alpenrose Gasthof in Zirl am Gurgl […] there is a decorative picture of a young woman. […] She has bright flaxen hair and laughing eyes of the same hue as the gentians in the meadow beyond the inn.

2. The dried roots and rhizome of a European gentian (Gentiana lutea), used as a tonic.

Derived terms

• horse gentian (Triosteum spp.)
• white gentian (Gentiana alba)
• yellow gentian (Gentiana alba (US), Gentiana lutea)

Translations

Any of various herbs of the family Gentianaceae

• Arabic: جَنْطِيَانَا‎ f (janṭiyānā), كُوشَاد‎ m (kūšād)
• Aramaic:

  Classical Syriac: ܓܶܢܛܝܢܳܐ‎ m (genṭyānā)

• Asturian: genciana f
• Bulgarian: тинтя́ва f (tintjáva), тентя́ва f (tentjáva)
• Catalan: genciana f
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 龍膽科, 龙胆科 (lóngdǎn kē)

• Esperanto: genciano
• Finnish: katkero (fi)
• French: gentiane (fr) f
• German: Enzian (de) m
• Greek: γεντιακή f (gentiakí)

  Ancient: γεντιανή f (gentianḗ)

• Ido: genciano (io)
• Irish: ceadharlach m, lus an chrúbáin m
• Italian: genziana (it) f
• Kazakh: please add this translation if you can
• Latin: gentiāna f

• Old English: feldwyrt f
• Quechua: phallcha
• Mòcheno: sklopper
• Persian: کوشاد‎ (fa) (kušâd), جنطیانا‎ (jantiyânâ)
• Polish: goryczka f, gencjana f
• Portuguese: genciana (pt) f
• Romanian: gențiană (ro) f
• Russian: гореча́вка (ru) f (gorečávka)
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: сирѝштара f, генција́на f, срча̀нӣк m, лѝнцура m

  Latin: sirìštara (sh) f, gencijána (sh) f, srčànīk (sh) m, lìncura (sh) m

• Spanish: genciana f
• Tibetan: ཀྱི་ལྕེ་ནག་པོ (kyi lce nag po), སྤང་རྒྱན (spang rgyan)
• Turkish:

  Ottoman Turkish: جنطیانا‎ (centiyana), ییلان اوتی‎ (yılan otu)

  Modern Turkish: centiyana, yılan otu

• Turkmen: please add this translation if you can
• Welsh: crwynllys m

The dried roots and rhizome of a European gentian

• Arabic: جَنْطِيَانَا‎ f (janṭiyānā), كُوشَاد‎ m (kūšād)
• Aramaic:

  Classical Syriac: ܓܶܢܛܝܢܳܐ‎ m (genṭyānā)

• Asturian: genciana f
• Azerbaijani: please add this translation if you can
• Assamese: please add this translation if you can
• Bengali: please add this translation if you can
• Bulgarian: тинтя́ва f (tintjáva), тентя́ва f (tentjáva)
• Catalan: genciana f
• Esperanto: genciano
• Finnish: keltakatkeron juuri
• French: gentiane (fr) f
• German: Enzian (de) m
• Gujarati: please add this translation if you can
• Hindi: please add this translation if you can
• Greek: γεντιακή f (gentiakí)

  Ancient Greek: γεντιανή f (gentianḗ)

• Italian: genziana (it) f
• Kazakh: please add this translation if you can
• Latin: gentiāna f
• Persian: کوشاد‎ (fa) (kušâd), جنطیانا‎ (jantiyânâ)
• Polish: goryczka f, gencjana f
• Portuguese: genciana (pt) f
• Romanian: gențiană (ro) f
• Russian: гореча́вка (ru) f (gorečávka)
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: сирѝштара f, генција́на f, лѝнцура m

  Latin: sirìštara (sh) f, gencijána (sh) f, lìncura (sh) m

• Spanish: genciana f
• Tibetan: please add this translation if you can
• Turkish:

  Ottoman Turkish: جنطیانا‎ (centiyana), ییلان اوتی‎ (yılan otu)

  Modern Turkish: centiyana, yılan otu

Anagrams

• anteing, antigen